i>Clicker Questions

1. Chapter 18: The Victorians Make the Modern, 1880–1917 i>Clicker Questions

2. 1. Which statement describes the significance of the 1896 U.S. Supreme Court decision in the case Plessy v. Ferguson? a. The case established the legal basis for the special "ladies' cars" promoted by the Pullman Company. b. It established the unconstitutionality of policies that banned African Americans from securing train reservations. c. The case upheld the constitutionality of department stores' use of vagrancy laws to discourage working-class patrons. d. It ruled that Jim Crow laws did not violate the Fourteenth Amendment as long as separate facilities were equal.

3. 2. Why did many American business leaders begin to create employer-sponsored sports teams in the early twentieth century? a. To fight the growing problem of obesity b. Hoping to counteract labor unrest c. So that workers could gain physical strength d. To instill teamwork and company pride

4. 3. What goal led John Muir to found the Sierra Club in 1892? a. To promote economic development in the Sierra Nevada b. To promote the preservation and enjoyment of mountain regions c. To fight San Francisco's plan to dam the Hetch Hetchy d. To fight destruction of the environment by lumber and mining industries

5. 4. Which strategy was key to families' upward mobility in the nineteenth century? a. Having a large number of children b. Limiting family growth c. Sharing resources with kin d. Casting aside morality and tradition

6. 5. Why was the leadership style of Booker T. Washington particularly well suited for the difficult era after Reconstruction? a. He was willing to confront white Americans about racial injustice. b. His subtle way of nurturing white guilt produced results. c. His avoidance of confrontation was a response to severe racial repression. d. His emphasis on political rights recognized the limitations in the marketplace.

7. 6. What nineteenth-century organization was the first to identify and combat the problem of domestic violence? a. The General Federation of Women's Clubs b. The Heterodoxy Club c. The National Association of Colored Women d. The Women's Christian Temperance Union (WCTU)

8. 7. What was the primary focus of the National Association of Colored Women, formed in 1896? a. To fight segregation b. To promote the anti-lynching campaign c. To promote women's suffrage d. To build stronger communities

9. 8. What objections did critics raise against Social Darwinism and the views of William Graham Sumner? a. The argument was based on false analogy. b. Darwin had never supported it. c. The view was un-Christian and un-American. d. Such ideas led to the pseudoscience of eugenics.

10. 9. Why did many American authors take up literary realism after the 1880s? a. To replace sentimentality in literature with facts b. To show that people were victims of forces beyond their control c. To feature the importance of the primitive mind in modern society d. To satirize the effects of industrialization

11. 10. Why did Catholic traditionalists create a network of Catholic schools in the United States in the early twentieth century? a. To preserve the tradition of school prayer among Catholic students b. To offer classes in immigrant Catholic students' native languages c. To insulate Catholic children from the American pluralism d. To provide employment for thousands of Catholic nuns

12. Answer Key 1. The answer is d. 2. The answer is d. 3. The answer is b. 4. The answer is b. 5. The answer is c. 6. The answer is d. 7. The answer is d. 8. The answer is a. 9. The answer is a. 10. The answer is c.