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Unit 4: Plants in the Natural Environment

Unit 4: Plants in the Natural Environment. SBI 3C Ms Dunbar. Introduction to unit. Think, Pair, Share Brainstorm ways in which plants are important to humans. 4.1 Plants and Biodiversity. What is biodiversity?

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Unit 4: Plants in the Natural Environment

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  1. Unit 4: Plants in the Natural Environment SBI 3C Ms Dunbar

  2. Introduction to unit • Think, Pair, Share • Brainstorm ways in which plants are important to humans.

  3. 4.1 Plants and Biodiversity • What is biodiversity? • A measure of the number and abundance of different species living in a particular ecosystem. • How many different species of plants are there on Earth? • There are more than 300 000 species of plants on Earth, which provide food, shelter, and physical environments to 15 million species of animals.

  4. How can the loss of even a single plant species significantly reduce the biodiversity of an ecosystem? • A single plant species supports an average of 50 different animal species • What is the connection between the amount of plant diversity and overall biological diversity in an ecosystem? • The more plants a particular environment is able to support, the higher the overall biological diversity. For example, there is more biodiversity in a rainforest than in deserts, mountaintops or polar regions.

  5. Biodiversity and Human Activity • Think, Pair, Share • How is biodiversity important to humans? • How does human activity cause loss of biodiversity? List examples.

  6. Video on humans and biodiversity • http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=7moZNXVlSSo\

  7. How humans affect biodiversity • Large-scale destruction of natural ecosystems -ex. Monocultures: a habitat that contains primarily one species of plants. Monocultures decrease biodiversity since they only support very few organisms -clear-cut logging -clearing of land for agricultural use -flooding of land for hydroelectric power generation

  8. Example of monoculture: potato famine • http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ZH9dMqKNSTI

  9. How humans affect biodiversity cont. 2) Intentional and accidental introduction of non-native plant or animal species to an ecosystem. -this introduced species is referred to as invasive species if it out-competes native species in an ecosystem. Ex. Purple loosestrife, Japanese knotweed, leafy spurge, curly-leaf pondweed.

  10. Invasive species video • http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=-V5513w1XSk

  11. 4.5 Vascular Plant Structure • Vascular plants are those which possess a well-developed system of conducting tissue to transport water, mineral salts and sugars. • Vascular plants are the world’s most important land plants • Humans depend on them for food, wood, paper, clothing, medicines and many other products

  12. Plants are multicellular organisms, made up of different kinds of cells. • The cells are organized into tissues, which form the organs of the plant body, which are specialized to perform important functions for the plant.

  13. Structure of typical flowering plant

  14. Plant Tissues • Parts of a vascular plant are made up of 4 main types of plant tissues which are specialized for storage, transportation, photosynthesis and growth. • 1) meristematic tissue • 2) dermal tissue • 3) ground tissue • 4) vascular tissue

  15. Meristematic Tissue • Plant tissue composed of cells that undergo cell division by mitosis in order to grow. This tissue gives rise to all other plant tissue and cell types. • After division, cells differentiate so they can carry out a specific function

  16. Dermal Tissue • Dermal tissue is composed of the outermost cell layers of a plant. • The epidermis is the outermost part of the dermal layer. • The purpose of dermal tissue is to protect plant body from cuts, invasion by microorganisms, and water loss • On leaves and stems, these cells produce a waxy cuticle which prevents leaves and other delicate tissues from losing too much water.

  17. Ground Tissue • Composed of all internal cells of a plant other than vascular tissue • Made of variety of cell type that are specialized for storage, support and photosynthesis • Examples are fleshy portions of apples, pears, potatoes and carrots

  18. Vascular Tissue • Vascular tissue is involved in the transport of substances in the plant. It is composed of two tissues: xylem and phloem. • Xylem transports water and minerals up from the roots. It is composed of thick-walled cells which when dead, leave behind hollow cells well-suited for carrying water. • Phloem transports sugars and other nutrients down from the leaves. There are two types: sieve-tube elements and companion cells. Each sieve tube forms a channel through which sugars flow and companion cells control the activities of the sieve tube cells.

  19. Diagram of xylem and phloem

  20. Summary of main functions of plant tissue

  21. The private life of plants-Part 1 • http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=g8W8uiOEhuQ&feature=fvw

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