Data Needs in Agrometeorology: Views of IPET-MI on Metadata Implementation

1. Inter-Programme Expert Team on Metadata Implementation (IPET-MI)The views of CAgM Emmanuel Cloppet - METEO-FRANCE 26 – 30 September 2005 Beijing (China)

2. Table of contents • Specific data parameters to Agricultural Metorology • ISO Standards, • The WAMIS website : the CAgM example of a pilot project • Some examples regarding data needs in real-time, WMO IPET-MI meeting. The views of CAgM

3. Data needs in Agrometeorology There are many players in Agricultural meteorology. Data needs can differ between those players. The way in which agrometeorological information is developed and distributed depends on the way in which the different specialists of the agricultural sector involved are organized in each country. 95 Centres Départementaux Agricultural specialists WMO IPET-MI meeting. The views of CAgM

4. Data needs in Agrometeorology The type of agrometeorological information required depends on the agricultural activities carried out which, in turn, depend to a great extent on the climate. The application of meteorology and climatology to crop management, forestry, animal husbandry and the use of agricultural land, in order to achieve the following in particular: WMO IPET-MI meeting. The views of CAgM

5. Data needs in Agrometeorology • Higher, regulated crop yield; • Lower production costs; • Better product quality; • Environmental protection (prevent pollution, etc.); • Land management: diversification, technology, microclimate modification, crop and soil management; • Agriculture and society: water management issues related to farm irrigation, urban water needs, water conservation measures, and, natural resource preservation; • … WMO IPET-MI meeting. The views of CAgM

6. Data needs in Agrometeorology • Plan agricultural work; • Breeds and varieties adapted to local pedoclimatic conditions and choice of product depending on these conditions (soil potential); • Combat unfavourable consequences of the weather (including parasites and diseases) • -Better consideration of meteorological factors that affect animal behaviour and health. WMO IPET-MI meeting. The views of CAgM

7. Specific parameters • Main specific parameters to Agrometeorology are : • Soil water content • Soil temperature • PET (Potential EvapoTranspiration). PET is the amount of water that would be evaporated under an optimal set of conditions, among which is an unlimited supply of water • Sum of temperature . The sum of temperature is calculated by subtracting 6 °C, 8 °C or 10°C, i.e. the threshold temperature, from daily temperature and by multiplying the difference by the number of days of growing season WMO IPET-MI meeting. The views of CAgM

8. Soil parameters • Most notable is soil moisture instrumentation or soil temperature instrumentation. • Soil parameters are measured at several irregularly distributed sites worldwide, or can be modeled • Even with these, CAgM try to work closely with CIMO for standardization and calibration. WMO IPET-MI meeting. The views of CAgM

9. Potential Evapotranspiration • PET is a key parameter to model crop growth or water needs. Evapotranspiration is a critical hydrological link between the earth's surface and the atmosphere. Evapotranspiration information is also needed by climate modellers; climatologists; vegetation ecologists and physiologists; ecosystem modellers; hydrological and water resource specialists; and regional planners. • PET is measured at several thousand irregularly distributed sites worldwide from pan evaporation, or can be estimated from measurements of meteorological variables: temperature, humidity, wind speed and global radiation. Several methods can be used. We can mention the Penman formula and the Penman-Monteith formula WMO IPET-MI meeting. The views of CAgM

10. Potential Evapotranspiration The fifth edition of the WMO Guide to Hydrological Practices (WMO n° 168) published in 1994 recommends that daily ETP should be calculated with Penman-Monteith formula and that 10-daily PET should be calculated with Penman formula • Ten-daily PET over France– from 1st july to 10 july 2005 WMO IPET-MI meeting. The views of CAgM

11. ISO standards - On ISO Standards, CAgM again defers to CIMO and CBS for instrumentation standards as we will provide guidance on our needs. - Dr Raymond Motha, President of CAgM, would suggest defering to CIMO based on CAgM requirements for specialized instrument for soil moisture measurements and soil temperature measurements at different depths" WMO IPET-MI meeting. The views of CAgM

12. WAMIS Website - Operations • - WAMIS website is a successful example of CAgM pilot project. • For background, we can refer to the FWIS meetings starting with the October 20-24, 2003 Inter-Programme Task Team on FWIS in Kuala Lumpur and to the January 12-14, 2005 session, which references CAgM WAMIS as a protoype in FWIS. • - 23 countries and organizations now contribute products, advisories, and bulletins on a weekly or decadal basis to the WAMIS website. WMO IPET-MI meeting. The views of CAgM

13. WAMIS Website - Objectives The main objective of WAMIS is to provide a dedicated webserver for disseminating agrometeorological products issued by WMO Members. By providing a central location for agrometeorological information, WAMIS will aid users to quickly and easily evaluate the various bulletins and gain insight into improving their own bulletins. The web site will also host a tools and resources section to further help Members improve the quality and presentation of their agrometeorological bulletins. WMO IPET-MI meeting. The views of CAgM

14. WAMIS Website - Background During an Inter-Regional Workshop on Improving Agrometeorological Bulletins held in Bridgetown, Barbados in October 2001, participants developed the concept of a dedicated web server for agrometeorological products. As a follow up to this recommendation, the CAgM organized an Expert Group Meeting on Internet Applications for Agrometeorological Products was held in Washington, D.C. during May 2002. From these meetings, the World AgroMeteorological Information Service (WAMIS) was created. The goal of WAMIS is to make agrometeorological products issued by WMO members available to the global agricultural community on a near real-time basis. WMO IPET-MI meeting. The views of CAgM

15. WAMIS Website - Background These products are produced on either a weekly, monthly, or yearly time frame and the format of the products will range from text and MS Word files to PDFs. Provision of a central location for agrometeorological information can help the users quickly and easily evaluate the various bulletins and gain insight into improving their own bulletins. To further help members improve the quality and presentation of their agrometeorological bulletins, WAMIS will also host a tools and resources section with the themes of data, information, dissemination, and feedback. WMO IPET-MI meeting. The views of CAgM

16. WAMIS Website Current Information flow : weather, climate data CAgM Data Bulletins 2 Weather Data Climate Data 3 CAgM Portal WAMIS CAgM Metadata Catalog V-GISC Off line GIS/RS Tool,Model 1. Request 4.Result CAgM www user user user user user user WMO IPET-MI meeting. The views of CAgM

17. WAMIS Website Archived data, product : Non-synoptic or derived CAgM Data DCPC CAgM Metadata Catalog 3 CAgM Metadata Catalog 4 V-GISC CAgM Portal WAMIS 2.Data request GIS/RS Tool/Model 1.Information request 5.Result user user user user user WMO IPET-MI meeting. The views of CAgM

18. WAMIS Website WMO IPET-MI meeting. The views of CAgM

19. Some examples regarding data needs in real-time : daily spatialized PET Use of a 12 km ⅹ 12 km database Total PET amount from july 1 to july 9 2005 Franck Souverain – novembre 2004 WMO IPET-MI meeting. The views of CAgM

20. Some examples regarding data needs in real-time Use in real-time of interpolated data (PET), observed data (rainfall) and forecasts WMO IPET-MI meeting. The views of CAgM

21. Thank you for your attention • serv-agro@meteo.fr • emmanuel.cloppet@meteo.fr WMO IPET-MI meeting. The views of CAgM