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JOE3-CT97-0068 EnerBuild RTD part.N°21-

JOE3-CT97-0068 EnerBuild RTD part.N°21-. SMART WINDOW : POLYMER NETWORK LIQUID CRYSTAL WITH REFLECTIVE, SCATTERING AND CLEAR STATE Co-ordinator : Marc Casamassima ADEME Sophia-Antipolis 500 route des Lucioles 06560 Valbonne - France Marc.Casamassima@ademe.fr Presenter : Pierre Sioux

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JOE3-CT97-0068 EnerBuild RTD part.N°21-

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  1. JOE3-CT97-0068 EnerBuild RTD part.N°21- SMART WINDOW : POLYMER NETWORK LIQUID CRYSTAL WITH REFLECTIVE, SCATTERING AND CLEAR STATE Co-ordinator : Marc Casamassima ADEME Sophia-Antipolis 500 route des Lucioles 06560 Valbonne - France Marc.Casamassima@ademe.fr Presenter : Pierre Sioux LPMC-UMR 6622 CNRS-Université de Nice Parc valrose 06108 Nice - France Sioux@unice.fr

  2. JOE3-CT97-0068 EnerBuild RTD part.N°21- 1

  3. JOE3-CT97-0068 EnerBuild RTD part.N°21- 2 Abstract : The present project concerns the development of smart windows based on glazed component including polymer network liquid crystal (PNLC) films. The final objective consists in a smart window realization with the integration of monitoring and self - regulation devices in a glass panel. The solar control system will be defined according to the architectural requirements.

  4. JOE3-CT97-0068 EnerBuild RTD part.N°21- 3 Approach 1 - Active film elaboration (2x2cm) • PNLC Technology (Polymer Network Liquid Crystals) 2 - Elaboration : Glazed component (A4 to 60x80cm) • Switchable glazed component 3 - Evaluation : Smart window development (A4 to 60x80cm) • Architectural requirements and solar performances Industrial Equipment required

  5. JOE3-CT97-0068 EnerBuild RTD part.N°21- 4 • Project specifications • 1 - ACTIVE FILM ELABORATION (2x2cm) • Polymer Network Liquid Crystal (PNLC) • Microcomposite: Polymer networkmechanical properties • Liquid crystal Electro-optic medium • Three optical states, large size, no surface treatment, curved surfaces…. • Three Optical states • • Reflective • (planar configuration of liquid crystal) • Scattering • (Focal conics configuration of liquid crystal) • Transparent • (homeotropic configuration of liquid crystal) • Bistability • Transition between stable states by electric field pulses • Gray scale (multiple optically different states stable in absence of an applied field) • Response time (1/100 s) • Reflective state : Broadness of the reflection • 1. Selective reflection (50 nm) • 2. Broadband reflection (150 nm)

  6. JOE3-CT97-0068 EnerBuild RTD part.N°21- 5 • Results • 1 - ACTIVE FILM ELABORATION Selective film • Objective • Obtention of the three optical states - Study of the electrical control. • Project status • • The three optical states are obtained • Control of the reflection wavelength • Optimisation of electro-optical properties (transparency, threshold voltages….) • Large temperature range (larger than100°C) • Thanks to : • Optimisation of mixture formulations • Optimisation of polymerisation conditions • OFF-state : reflective OFF-state: one of the ON-state : scattering states transparent

  7. JOE3-CT97-0068 EnerBuild RTD part.N°21- 6 Results 1 - ACTIVE FILM ELABORATION Selective film Modification of the reflection wavelength OFF-state Reflectance Transmittance

  8. JOE3-CT97-0068 EnerBuild RTD part.N°21- 7 • Project Specifications • 1 - ACTIVE FILM ELABORATION Broadband film • The higher the broadness, the higher the light modulation is. • Objective • Broadness expected in the proposal : 150 nm • Results • • Several methods have been implemented • Obtained values : typical examples • Wavelength =550 nm Broadness =200 nm • Broad reflection to scattering state : reversible • Broad reflection to transparent state : • reversibility is to be improved (scattering) • Wavelength = 1mm Broadness =300 nm Broad reflection to scattering state : reversible • Broad reflection to transparent state : reversible • Wavelength = 1.5 mm Broadness = 400 nm Broad reflection to scattering state : reversible • Broad reflection to transparent state : reversible • Compromise about the reflection wavelength : • low (near 550nm) regarding the solar spectrum • high (favors the increase of the band broadness)

  9. JOE3-CT97-0068 EnerBuild RTD part.N°21- 8 • 2 - ELABORATION : GLAZED COMPONENT • Objective • Switchable glazed component • • Improvement of support material • Deposit of the film • Electrical connections • • Assembly process • • Control system • • Characterisation • Project status • • Implementation of a method allowing the increase in size sample. • Implementation of an assembly method • To be transferred : industrial equipment required

  10. JOE3-CT97-0068 EnerBuild RTD part.N°21- 9 Results ELABORATION : GLAZED COMPONENT Project status : Increasing the sample size

  11. JOE3-CT97-0068 EnerBuild RTD part.N°21- 10 JOE3-CT97-0068 EnerBuild RTD part.N°21- 10 Results Project status : Example of characterisation Sample HG 18 - Width 250nm- Mean wavelength 1.1 mm Variation of solar and luminous transmittance as a function of voltage

  12. JOE3-CT97-0068 EnerBuild RTD part.N°21- 10 JOE3-CT97-0068 EnerBuild RTD part.N°21- 11 ELABORATION : GLAZED COMPONENT Project status : Example of characterisation Sample HG 17- Width :70 nm-Mean wavelength 480nm Transmittance and reflectance as function of voltages and wavelengths

  13. JOE3-CT97-0068 EnerBuild RTD part.N°21- 12 EVALUATION / GLAZED COMPONENT Project status : Example of simulation Variation of the luminous and solar transmittance for a fixed width window and a translation of the window from 0.3 to 2.5 mm. The wavelength broadness of the window is chosen successively between 150 and 500 nm, l=250 nm, lml=545 nm 100.0> > 0.2 l=250 nm, lml=525 nm 100.0> > 60.7 Important solar transmittance modulation when the wavelength broadness of the window increases.

  14. JOE3-CT97-0068 EnerBuild RTD part.N°21- 12 JOE3-CT97-0068 EnerBuild RTD part.N°21- 13 MARKET REQUIREMENT

  15. JOE3-CT97-0068 EnerBuild RTD part.N°21- 14 • OUTCOME Duration : 42 months - Remaining time : 9months • Materials • Film with selective reflection : OK • Film with broadband reflection : first feasibility - • to be improved • Assembling • The increase in size of the samples has been made in laboratory conditions.Now the increase in size must be carried out in pre-industrial conditions • Characterisation • Important modulation of luminous transmittance, to a lesser extent in solar transmittance. • Could be increased by further increase of reflection bandbroadness • Market requirements • Possible applications : switchable sun protection systems (fenestration systems as well as switchable interior walls) • Fondamental : great interest in implementing • new methods to further increase the reflection band broadness • Industrial : need of pre-industrial machine allowing film preparation • Market : Selective case : marketing approach • Broadband case : functional analysis

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