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弓首蛔虫病 toxocariosis

弓首蛔虫病 toxocariosis. By 张文琪 赵梦娇 曾娟萍 李雪（ 12 号） 李雪（ 13 号）. Introduction.

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弓首蛔虫病 toxocariosis

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  1. 弓首蛔虫病toxocariosis By 张文琪 赵梦娇 曾娟萍 李雪（12号） 李雪（13号）

  2. Introduction • Toxocariasis is a zoonotic (animal to human) infection caused by the parasitic roundworms commonly found in the intestine of dogs (Toxocara canis) and cats (T. cati). Toxocara canis and T. cati are found worldwide in the soil. Toxocariasis is one of the most commonly reported zoonotic helminth infections in the world. • 关键词:犬猫弓首蛔虫、 弓首科（toxocaridae）、犬弓首蛔虫(Toxocara canis) 、猫弓首蛔 虫（T.cati）、 狮弓蛔虫（toxascaris leonina）、 小肠、 土源性、公共卫生

  3. Introduction • Visceral larva migrans (VLM) andocular larva migrans (OLM) are two clinical manifestations thatresult in definable syndromes and present as serious healthproblems wherever they occur . • 内脏幼虫移行症、 眼部幼虫移行症

  4. Morphology • 犬弓首蛔虫(Toxocara canis) Types ： 犬弓首蛔虫，该蛔虫是幼小犬寄生的主要蛔虫 狮弓首蛔虫，常发生于成年犬。但成年犬对于两种蛔虫均为终末宿主。 have round body with spiky cranial (尖的头盖）and caudal part（尾部）, covered by yellow cuticula（角质层） Female ：9~18cm ，尾端直，阴门开口于虫体前半部 Male ：5~11cm，尾端弯曲，有一小椎突，有尾翼 Egg：oval or spherical shape with granulated （颗粒状）surface，thick-walled, and measures from 72 to 85 μm.

  5. Morphology • 猫弓首蛔 虫（T.cati） • White • Parasites appearance:similar to Toxocara canis • Female ：4~12cm • Male：3~6cm，尾部有一小的指状突起. • Intermediate hosts: mice other rodents birds • Infective stage: egg with L3 • Prepatent period :6-8 weeks • Egg :几乎无色，subglobular（亚球形），厚的凹凸不平的卵壳。

  6. Life cycle

  7. Development and  migrating in dogs less than 6 months Infective stage（被狗摄食） Intestine 血液 lung 气管 intestine lung

  8. Migratingin dogs more than 6 months

  9. Development in cats • Cats eat L2 . The L2. are migrating in cats . • Cats are effected through sucking or eating L3. ，the larva won’t be migrating . attention ： T.cati won’t infect baby cats through placenta.

  10. epidemiology • Infection source ：dogs and cats infected by toxocariosis ，environment polluted by infected animals’ stool . • infection routes ：peroal infection （经口）， diaplacental infection （经胎盘） • susceptible animals：dogs ，cats ,humanbeing . 犬猫弓首蛔虫是土源性的，有贮藏宿主（paratenic hosts）如蚯蚓，蚂蚁和其他土壤无脊椎动物，人特别是小孩不注意卫生饮了被虫卵污染的生水，或者吃了生的或未煮熟的组织（含有虫卵的），如肝脏，就会感染。

  11. Pathogenesis • Robbingnutrition • Mechanical injury ： Visceral larva migrans (VLM) （脏幼虫移行症） ocular larva migrans (OLM)（眼部幼虫移行症） • Secondary infection

  12. Syptoms

  13. Lesions

  14. Diagnosis • Difficult in diagnosing by symptoms . • Diagnosis is based on  fecal examination（粪便检查，用饱和盐水漂浮法检查虫卵）or ELISA test（Elisa 实验）. • Finding toxocariosis in intestine or bile duct （胆管）in Autopsy（尸检）.

  15. Treatment and prevention • Treatment by medicine Albendazole （阿苯达唑） Fenbendazole（芬苯达唑） Ivermectin （伊维菌素）注：苏牧和喜乐蒂牧羊犬对此种药物十分敏感，极易过敏，甚至导致死亡.因此禁用. • Comprehensive prevention:deworming . excrement management （粪便管理） dietary hygiene （饮食卫生）

  16. thanks

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