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Nanoparticles in the environment; what we know and what we need to know.

Nanoparticles in the environment; what we know and what we need to know. Jamie Lead. Aquatic/terrestrial colloids (NPs) literature – chemistry, transport, NPs as Trojan horses. Atmospheric UFP/particle toxicology literature. Nanoscience/medicine Caution in both cases.

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Nanoparticles in the environment; what we know and what we need to know.

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  1. Nanoparticles in the environment; what we know and what we need to know. Jamie Lead

  2. Aquatic/terrestrial colloids (NPs) literature – chemistry, transport, NPs as Trojan horses. Atmospheric UFP/particle toxicology literature. Nanoscience/medicine Caution in both cases. Where can we learn more?

  3. NPs have diverse size, chemistry, structure etc. Some idea of sources. Some NPs are likely to be hazardous Some NPs are likely to present in substantial quantities (ng L-1 to mg L-1) and ubiquitous. Potential problem which is likely to grow. No observed effects in the environment – who is looking, how would we know? What we know

  4. All sources? Does registration work? How do we measure NP concentrations and characteristics in the environment? What are concentrations now? How are NPs transformed – interactions with NOM? Photo-activity? Are NPs persistent? What counts as loss of NPs? What we don’t know

  5. What are transport pathways and sinks? Is sediment a main sink? Over what timescales? Will transport in porous media be rapid and widespread? Number concentration high in waters, mass concentration high in sediments?

  6. Do NPs penetrate membranes? How? Are NPs uptaken and excreted and at what rates? At what concentrations are biological effects seen? What mechanisms? Can NPs be detoxified? How? Do NP bioaccumulate? Biomagnification? Is there a link from environment to humans?

  7. NPs are not treated as single class, scientifically or in regulation/policy. Develop means to measure NPs in the environment. Correctly and fully characterise NPs Use size selected (and other property selected) NPs, which are well characterised. Environmental relevance. Will use of ‘off the shelf’ NPs tell us anything? Recommendations and priorities

  8. Next generation NPs? More stable, more dispersed, more functionalised. Designed to cross biological barriers. Bio-nano interactions. Self-organising, self assembling. The future?

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