The Seven “S” Model

1. The Seven “S” Model Strategy Systems Structure Shared Values Skills Staff Style

2. The ‘Organizational Iceberg’ • Behavioral (Covert) Aspects • Attitudes • Group Processes • Individual Personalities • Conflicts • Influence and Communication • Patterns • Formal (Overt) Aspects • Goals • Technology • Structures • Skills and Abilities • Financial Resources

3. The Star Model Strategy People Structure Rewards Processes

4. Sources of Personality Differences Personality Environment Heredity • Culture • Family • Group Membership • Life Experiences

5. The “Big Five” Personality Factors Emotional Stability (Nervous, self-doubting, moody) (Stable, confident, effective) Agreeableness (Independent, cold, rude) (Warm, tactful, considerate) Extraversion (Shy, unassertive, withdrawn) (Gregarious, energetic, self-dramatizing) Conscientiousness (Impulsive, careless, irresponsible) (Careful, neat, dependable) Openness (Dull, unimaginative, literal-minded) (Imaginative, curious, original)

6. Personality Trait: Locus of Control Extent to which people believe they can control events affecting them External locus ofcontrol Internal locus ofcontrol Belief that one’s own life is determined (controlled) primarily by chance, fate or other people. Belief that one’s life is determined (controlled) primarily by one’s own behavior and actions.

7. Job Performance and Locus of Control • Internals do better on complex jobsthan externals • Externals do better when workrequires compliance and conformity • Internals and externals performequally well when work is simple

8. Personality Traits: Extroversion and Introversion Extroversion Introversion • Oriented towards other people, events and objects • Oriented inwardly with a sensitivity to abstract ideas and personal feelings Externallyoriented Internallyoriented Person • Sociable, lively, impulsive, and emotionally expressive • Quiet, introspective, and emotionally unexpressive

9. Components of Attitudes Affective component • Feeling, sentiments, moods and emotions about someone or something Behavioral component Cognitive component Attitude • Predisposition to act on a favorable or unfavorable evaluation • Beliefs, opinions, knowledge or information

10. Role of Emotions in Performance Goal Anticipatoryemotions Behaviors Goalattainment Outcomeemotions

11. Job Satisfaction-Gallup • Please answer the following twelve questions using this scale: • Strongly agree • Agree • Neutral • Disagree • Strongly disagree • I know what is expected of me at work? A B C D E • I have the materials and equipment I need to do my work right? A B C D E • At work, do I have the opportunity to do what I do best every day? A B C D E • In the last seven days, have I received recognition or praise for doing good work? A B C D E

12. Job Satisfaction-Gallup(Continued) • Does my supervisor, or someone at work, seem to care about me as a person? A B C D E • Is there someone at work who encourages my development? A B C D E • At work, do my opinions seem to count? A B C D E • Does the mission/purpose of my company make me feel my job is important? A B C D E • Are my co-workers committed to doing quality work? A B C D E • I have a best friend at work? A B C D E • In the last six months, has someone at work talked to me about my progress? A B C D E • This last year, have I had opportunities at work to learn and grow? A B C D E

13. ScoringKey: Add Points Strongly agree = 5 points Agree = 4 points Neutral = 3 points Disagree = 2 points Strongly disagree = 1point R: 1, 2, 3, 5, 7 ______________ P: 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, ____________ DIBH: 7, 8, 9, 10 ________________ HCWG: 11, 12 ___________________ Source: M. Buckingham and C. Coffman. First, break all the rules. NY: Simon and Schuster, 1999, pp. 43 – 45.

14. EFFECTIVE REWARD SYSTEMS 12 QUESTIONS/CHINA Chinese workers who strongly agree: • I know what is expected of me at work .................................34% • I have the materials and equipment I need to do my work right ………………………………………………………….32% • At work, I have the opportunity to do what I do best every day …………………………………………………………. 26% • In the last seven days, I have received recognition or praise for doing good work …………………………………….12% • My supervisor, or someone at work, seems to care about me as a person ……………………………………………26% • Someone at work encourages my development ……………23%

15. EFFECTIVE REWARD SYSTEMS12 QUESTIONS/CHINA (CONTINUED) Chinese workers who strongly agree: • At work, my opinions seem to count ………………………….20% • The mission or purpose of my company makes me feel my job is important ……………………………30% • My associates or fellow employees are committed to doing quality work ……………………………...27% • I have a best friend at work …………………….......................43% • In the last six months, someone at work has talked to me about my progress …………………………19% • This last year, I have had opportunities at work to learn and grow …………………………………………………..23%

16. Friends at Work* • Close friendships increase satisfaction with company by nearly 50% • 96% of managers who have a close friend at work are extremely satisfied with their life • 20% of people believe that their boss is a friend • Roles of friends • Builder to motivate you • Champion to sing your praises • Collaborator to share similar interests • Companion to be there for you • Connector to expand your network • Energizer to give you a boost • Mind opener to expand your horizons • Navigator to help you make decisions *Source: T. Rath, Vital Friends Gallup Press, 2006