Please read this before using presentation

1. Please read this before using presentation This presentation is based on content presented at the Mines Safety Roadshow held in October 2009 It is made available for non-commercial use (e.g. toolbox meetings) subject to the condition that the PowerPoint is not altered without permission from Resources Safety Supporting resources, such as brochures and posters, are available from Resources Safety For resources, information or clarification, please contact: RSDComms@dmp.wa.gov.au or visit www.dmp.wa.gov.au/ResourcesSafety 1

2. Toolbox presentation Mines safety issues in Western Australia 2 Feedback indicates that people are very keen to find out what has been happening in industry. Resources Safety receives many incident reports every year. Where possible, we have accessed these databases to give you statistics and specific incident reports that will help illustrate some of the issues faced. This talk covers some of the major concerns of the mines inspectors. It hasn’t been a good year for the mining industry. There have been six fatalities on mine sites in Western Australia in 2009. We cannot talk specifically about these but there have been some trends worth thinking about. Four of the fatalities involved fall from heights. Two involved people being struck by objects. Five occurred in the early hours of the morning.Feedback indicates that people are very keen to find out what has been happening in industry. Resources Safety receives many incident reports every year. Where possible, we have accessed these databases to give you statistics and specific incident reports that will help illustrate some of the issues faced. This talk covers some of the major concerns of the mines inspectors. It hasn’t been a good year for the mining industry. There have been six fatalities on mine sites in Western Australia in 2009. We cannot talk specifically about these but there have been some trends worth thinking about. Four of the fatalities involved fall from heights. Two involved people being struck by objects. Five occurred in the early hours of the morning.

3. Fatalities in 2009 A 50 year old foreman employed by a high-pressure water de-scaling contractor was fatally injured when he fell down a discharge chute at a refinery in the early hours of 2 September.  A 26 year old service crewman employed on an Eastern Goldfields underground gold mine was fatally injured when he fell through an ore pass grizzly in the early hours of 8 August. A 45 year old scaffolder employed by a contractor on a Pilbara site was fatally injured when he fell through a grid mesh floor to a floor 7 metres below at about 3.00 am on 19 March.  A 34 year old workshop fitter employed on a Pilbara iron ore mine was fatally injured when a dozer belly plate fell onto him during maintenance work at about 3.15 am on 30 May. 3 Summary of incidentsSummary of incidents

4. Fatalities in 2009 (continued) A 56 year old track maintenance worker in the Pilbara was fatally injured at about 3.18 am on the morning of 24 February when he was struck by a passing iron ore train. He was engaged with others in tamping of ballast on the track at the siding, where there are two parallel railway tracks. Some time before, a full ore train had passed on the way into Port Hedland. It appears that the deceased was struck by an empty ore train travelling from Port Hedland to one of the iron ore mines. A 54 year old truck driver met her death after an incident on the evening of 6 January at a large open pit gold operation in the Eastern Goldfields. She had apparently been cleaning the windscreen of a haul truck, when she fell to the ground from the deck of the truck. She suffered serious head and chest injuries and died in hospital on the afternoon of 7 January. 4 Summary of incidents For work with potential for fall from height we need to ensure: Adequate procedures in place Appropriate barriers Relevant PPE fall arrest or fall restraint equipment Training For work occurring during the early hours of the morning: Ensure fatigue is not an issue Adequate fatigue management systems are in place. Another toolbox presentation looks at aspects of tiredness and the importance of proper sleep and rest. Summary of incidents For work with potential for fall from height we need to ensure: Adequate procedures in place Appropriate barriers Relevant PPE fall arrest or fall restraint equipment Training For work occurring during the early hours of the morning: Ensure fatigue is not an issue Adequate fatigue management systems are in place. Another toolbox presentation looks at aspects of tiredness and the importance of proper sleep and rest.

5. Key issues Job hazard analysis (JHAs, JSAs etc.) Major risks not identified Lack of quality Employees not following controls High level of risk acceptance Change management Overly complex Not consistently applied Safety and health representatives not involved Problems with JHAs or JSAs Use of pro forma JHAs where the conditions have changed – so hazards not recognised. For example, slips, trips and falls are common on all JHAs when in reality this is an industry-wide hazard. Instead of generic approach, acknowledge and put controls in place when the task involves specific hazards such as climbing, oily or greasy surfaces, or running cables or hoses then these should be acknowledged as a hazard and controls put in place. Supervisors not getting involved in process and checking that control measures are followed Supervisors signing off on poor JHAs where JHA untried or untested Change management procedure Where used, is commonly overly complex and documents too large and prescriptive Not consistently applied. Needs to be same for employees and contractors Changes introduced from corporate level and forced upon sites with no consultation – need to get SHRs involved to bring in the practical side Problems with JHAs or JSAs Use of pro forma JHAs where the conditions have changed – so hazards not recognised. For example, slips, trips and falls are common on all JHAs when in reality this is an industry-wide hazard. Instead of generic approach, acknowledge and put controls in place when the task involves specific hazards such as climbing, oily or greasy surfaces, or running cables or hoses then these should be acknowledged as a hazard and controls put in place. Supervisors not getting involved in process and checking that control measures are followed Supervisors signing off on poor JHAs where JHA untried or untested Change management procedure Where used, is commonly overly complex and documents too large and prescriptive Not consistently applied. Needs to be same for employees and contractors Changes introduced from corporate level and forced upon sites with no consultation – need to get SHRs involved to bring in the practical side

6. Key issues (continued) Safety and health representatives Election details not always registered with Department Training delays Lack of resources Monthly inspections not conducted Not involved in accident investigations where appropriate Poor management of SHRs – consultation, mentoring, coaching Problems that some SHRs face: Election forms not sent to Resources Safety – requirement to do so within 10 days. Don’t receive information packs until this happens – and not protected by legislation when carrying out their role Training is delayed Lack of vehicle, office area, internet access and other resources that would assist Monthly inspections are not conducted Not involved in incident investigations when it would be appropriate Lack of consultation Apathy towards systems in place - no-one manages the training, resources or direction of SHRs or ensures their involvement or supports them through mentoring or coaching. This can lead to the position not being fulfilling so loss of expertise when SHRs resign or don’t renominate Problems that some SHRs face: Election forms not sent to Resources Safety – requirement to do so within 10 days. Don’t receive information packs until this happens – and not protected by legislation when carrying out their role Training is delayed Lack of vehicle, office area, internet access and other resources that would assist Monthly inspections are not conducted Not involved in incident investigations when it would be appropriate Lack of consultation Apathy towards systems in place - no-one manages the training, resources or direction of SHRs or ensures their involvement or supports them through mentoring or coaching. This can lead to the position not being fulfilling so loss of expertise when SHRs resign or don’t renominate

7. Supervision Lack of daily workplace inspections Lack of field time Stressful position High turnover Isolation procedures Not uniform Complex Breaches not consistently dealt with Key issues (continued) Supervisors need to get out from behind their desks and out of meeting so they can see what’s happening in the field and support the workers Company needs to provide sufficient resources so this can happen – need to reallocate some of the administrative paperwork Need to have consistent isolation procedures supported by training, coaching and supervisionSupervisors need to get out from behind their desks and out of meeting so they can see what’s happening in the field and support the workers Company needs to provide sufficient resources so this can happen – need to reallocate some of the administrative paperwork Need to have consistent isolation procedures supported by training, coaching and supervision

8. Key issues (continued) Barricading and delineation Inconsistent placed so limits uncertain Poor signage – Is purpose clearly and succinctly stated? Visibility? Missing, damaged and dirty delineators Guarding of machinery Unguarded or inadequately guarded machinery Not compliant with AS1755 Generally problems with barricading and delineation are related to poor housekeeping. Need to put them in place early and maintain them. Same applies to guarding of machinery. Check relevant Australian standardsGenerally problems with barricading and delineation are related to poor housekeeping. Need to put them in place early and maintain them. Same applies to guarding of machinery. Check relevant Australian standards

9. Bullying and other inappropriate behaviour Bullying is repeated unreasonable or inappropriate behaviour directed towards a worker or group of workers that creates a risk to health and safety. People should not be afraid to raise a safety issue for fear of being targeted and harrassed. Increasing number of reports and complaints to inspectorate relating to bullying and harassment-type issues at work. Mining industry changing the way it goes about its business. Greater awareness amongst the workforce of these matters. To provide guidance on these issues, Resources Safety has a code of practice and guideline. Describes what is and is not considered acceptable behaviour. Need to be clear on what is the manager or supervisor doing their job and what is not acceptable behaviour. Bullying is repeated unreasonable or inappropriate behaviour directed towards a worker or group of workers, that creates a risk to health and safety. Don’t want to get into a situation where there is intimidation in the workplace such that a person is afraid to raise a safety issue for fear of being targeted and harassed. Increasing number of reports and complaints to inspectorate relating to bullying and harassment-type issues at work. Mining industry changing the way it goes about its business. Greater awareness amongst the workforce of these matters. To provide guidance on these issues, Resources Safety has a code of practice and guideline. Describes what is and is not considered acceptable behaviour. Need to be clear on what is the manager or supervisor doing their job and what is not acceptable behaviour. Bullying is repeated unreasonable or inappropriate behaviour directed towards a worker or group of workers, that creates a risk to health and safety. Don’t want to get into a situation where there is intimidation in the workplace such that a person is afraid to raise a safety issue for fear of being targeted and harassed.

10. What are the statistics telling us? Lost time injury = LTI Results in absence from work for at least one full day or shift any time after the day or shift on which the injury occurred. Disabling injury = DI Work injury (not LTI) that results in injured person being unable to fully perform his or her regular job any time after the day or shift on which the injury occurred, regardless of whether or not the person is rostered to work. 10 Inspectorate has ongoing concerns with the number of injuries related to manual tasks. Account for about half the reports received through Resources Safety’s AXTAT system. Before we look at the statistics, however, let’s refresh our understanding of the terms used. The statistics provide a measurement tool – can assist in focusing resources. Inspectorate has ongoing concerns with the number of injuries related to manual tasks. Account for about half the reports received through Resources Safety’s AXTAT system. Before we look at the statistics, however, let’s refresh our understanding of the terms used. The statistics provide a measurement tool – can assist in focusing resources.

11. What are the statistics telling us? (continued) Days lost covers the days the person does not work when scheduled to do so. Days off includes days lost, rostered days off, and days when alternative or light duties are performed or hours are restricted. In effect, the time when the person is not able to do the job for which they were employed. 11

12. What are the statistics telling us? (continued) Accidents related to manual tasks (data for 2008-09 as at 31 August 2009) 12 The next three tables contain data for 2008-09 as at 31 August 2009. This table shows the activities that led to the injury, and how many injuries were reported. Nothing really stands out.The next three tables contain data for 2008-09 as at 31 August 2009. This table shows the activities that led to the injury, and how many injuries were reported. Nothing really stands out.

13. What are the statistics telling us? (continued) “Musculoskeletal disorders” related to manual tasks (data for 2008-09 as at 31 August 2009) 13 This table shows types of injuries (musculoskeletal disorders) that are related to manual tasks. Also shows days lost for those injuries. Sprains and strains account for by far the most days lost.This table shows types of injuries (musculoskeletal disorders) that are related to manual tasks. Also shows days lost for those injuries. Sprains and strains account for by far the most days lost.

14. What are the statistics telling us? (continued) “Musculoskeletal disorders” related to manual tasks (continued) 14 This table shows days off for the various injuries (musculoskeletal disorders). Again sprains and strains greatly exceed the others. We think of sprains and strains as being minor but these figures show they account for around 9,500 days off work i.e. not at work or unable to do the job for which they were employed. Many of these were serious injuries. Need to target manual tasks incidents involving sprains and strains to improve accident statistics. There is a handout containing a small selection of reports received during 2008-09 describing incidents and associated injuries associated with manual tasks. There is also a toolbox presentation on implementing an effective programme to manage risks associated with manual tasks.This table shows days off for the various injuries (musculoskeletal disorders). Again sprains and strains greatly exceed the others. We think of sprains and strains as being minor but these figures show they account for around 9,500 days off work i.e. not at work or unable to do the job for which they were employed. Many of these were serious injuries. Need to target manual tasks incidents involving sprains and strains to improve accident statistics. There is a handout containing a small selection of reports received during 2008-09 describing incidents and associated injuries associated with manual tasks. There is also a toolbox presentation on implementing an effective programme to manage risks associated with manual tasks.

15. What are the statistics telling us? (continued) Injury data for 2006 – 2009 15 So injuries related to manual tasks are still a big issue for the industry. What else is an issue for the mines inspectorate? We have noticed what appears to be an increase in the number of injuries related to people or objects falling. This table shows accident statistics relating to persons falling from a height and being struck by a falling object over the past 3 years. It does not include data for falls whilst climbing on or from vehicles or mobile equipment. That data is shown in another toolbox presentation on the safe access to vehicles and other equipment. This is a concern as these are the type of accidents that have resulted in recent fatalities. There has been an increase of 7% in the workforce over this time, which may have a bearing on the statistics. And it appears that rather than the number of injuries increasing significantly, it is the severity that has increased - days lost have increased by more than 50% over the past two years. So injuries related to manual tasks are still a big issue for the industry. What else is an issue for the mines inspectorate? We have noticed what appears to be an increase in the number of injuries related to people or objects falling. This table shows accident statistics relating to persons falling from a height and being struck by a falling object over the past 3 years. It does not include data for falls whilst climbing on or from vehicles or mobile equipment. That data is shown in another toolbox presentation on the safe access to vehicles and other equipment. This is a concern as these are the type of accidents that have resulted in recent fatalities. There has been an increase of 7% in the workforce over this time, which may have a bearing on the statistics. And it appears that rather than the number of injuries increasing significantly, it is the severity that has increased - days lost have increased by more than 50% over the past two years.

16. Where to now? How can we reduce the likelihood of a serious incident? Work together to nurture safety cultures that are positive or resilient Measure of success? What people at all levels in an organisation do and say when their commitment to safety is not being scrutinised – what they do when no-one is watching 16 A huge effort has gone into safety on mines over the years. So it is frustrating to see serious and fatal accidents still occurring despite the efforts made. But we cannot give up. We need to keep working on safety. Get smarter at how we are going about it. Safety is a continuous improvement process that involves everyone associated with the industry. Most mines have procedures and JSAs being implemented to maintain safe systems of work. Employees are trained in those procedures or have participated in the JSAs. However, having the procedures, JSAs and safe systems of work is only a portion of what we need to do. We need to be able to deal with the situation if things go wrong or the systems are not followed. This should take into consideration: Failing to identify significant hazards If somebody makes a mistake doing the job Risk taking behaviour. Two points stand out here: People need to take responsibility for their actions. They need to continually think the job through and reassess things. They cannot assume that because they have done a JSA everything will be OK. Standards of supervision need to improve. If safe systems of work are not occurring - such as procedures not being followed - this should be picked up by supervisors and dealt with. In some cases we are seeing supervisors getting bogged down in paperwork and administrative matters rather than being at the site and supervising people at work. If there is a positive safety culture fellow workers should be able to point out defects in the workplace to their colleagues in an open and positive manner. There are still many challenges out there for all of us to improve mine safety. Hopefully today’s roadshow will help towards that making that improvement.A huge effort has gone into safety on mines over the years. So it is frustrating to see serious and fatal accidents still occurring despite the efforts made. But we cannot give up. We need to keep working on safety. Get smarter at how we are going about it. Safety is a continuous improvement process that involves everyone associated with the industry. Most mines have procedures and JSAs being implemented to maintain safe systems of work. Employees are trained in those procedures or have participated in the JSAs. However, having the procedures, JSAs and safe systems of work is only a portion of what we need to do. We need to be able to deal with the situation if things go wrong or the systems are not followed. This should take into consideration: Failing to identify significant hazards If somebody makes a mistake doing the job Risk taking behaviour. Two points stand out here: People need to take responsibility for their actions. They need to continually think the job through and reassess things. They cannot assume that because they have done a JSA everything will be OK. Standards of supervision need to improve. If safe systems of work are not occurring - such as procedures not being followed - this should be picked up by supervisors and dealt with. In some cases we are seeing supervisors getting bogged down in paperwork and administrative matters rather than being at the site and supervising people at work. If there is a positive safety culture fellow workers should be able to point out defects in the workplace to their colleagues in an open and positive manner. There are still many challenges out there for all of us to improve mine safety. Hopefully today’s roadshow will help towards that making that improvement.