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Matter and Change

Learn about the different types of matter, properties of substances, and the distinction between physical and chemical changes. Discover the concepts of elements, compounds, homogeneous and heterogeneous mixtures. Watch videos and complete interactive exercises.

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Matter and Change

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  1. Matter and Change Chapter 1

  2. Matter Can be physically separated Substances Mixtures Can be separated chemically Element Compound Homogeneous Heterogeneous

  3. Matter: Anything that has mass and takes up space • Two ways to describe matter: • Extensive: a property that depends on the amount of matter in a sample. (mass, volume) • Intensive: property that depends on the type of matter in a sample, not the amount of matter. (hardness, melting point, color, boiling point) Properties of Matter

  4. Solid: definite shape and volume • Liquid: indefinite shape, flows, fixed volume • Gas: indefinite shape and volume, compresses easily • Vapor: gaseous state of a substance that’s liquid at room temp. States of Matter

  5. Substance (or pure substance): matter that has a uniform and definite composition and can’t be separated without changing chemical composition. • Every sample of a substance has identical intensive properties • Substances can be either an element or a compound ElementCompound Simplest form of matter that has a unique set of properties Substance that contains two or more elements chemically combined in a fixed proportion -can be broken down chemically Identifying Substances

  6. Mixture: physical blend of two or more components • Heterogeneous: composition is not uniform • Homogeneous (aka solution): composition is uniform throughout Mixtures

  7. Milk • Chicken Noodle Soup • Muddy Water • Air • Hot Chocolate • Red Bull • Apple • Bronze Hetergeneous or Homogeneous?

  8. Complete the “Whatsa Matter” Worksheet with a partner! Partner Review!

  9. Physical Property: quality or condition of a substance that can be observed or measured without changing the substance’s composition.(color, melting point, boiling point) • Physical change: some properties of a material change, but the composition of the material does not change. • Can be reversible or irreversible • Words: boil, freeze, melt, condense, break, split, grind, crush, cut http://ishare.rediff.com/video/entertainment/diet-coke-mentos/676123 Physical Changes

  10. Chemical Property: the ability of a specific substance to undergo a specific chemical change. (Ability to rust) • Chemical Change (aka chemical reaction): A change that produces matter with a different composition than the original matter. • The composition of matter always changes • Words: burn, rot, rust, decompose, ferment, explode, corrode Chemical Change

  11. Clues (although they can be tricky) • Transfer of energy • Change in color • Production of gas • Formation of a precipitate (solid that forms and settles out of a liquid) How can you know for sure it’s a physical or chemical change? Test the sample’s composition Recognizing chemical changes

  12. Law of Conservation of Mass: in any physical or chemical change, mass is conserved. • The mass of the products is always equal to the mass of the reactants. Conservation of Mass

  13. Is it a chemical or physical change? • Sugar dissolving in tea • Chemical Change • Physical Change

  14. Is it a chemical or physical change? • Logs burning • Chemical Change • Physical Change

  15. Is it a chemical or physical change? • Breaking water up by separating it into hydrogen and oxygen • Chemical Change • Physical Change

  16. Is it a chemical or physical change? • Metal rusting • Chemical Change • Physical Change http://tess.schoolwaxtv.com/learn-lab-files-physical-chemical-changes

  17. SWAT THAT! Homogenous Physical Change Pure Substance Chemical Change Matter Heterogeneous

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