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SPAIN: LIBERAL MONARCHY TO REPUBLIC

SPAIN: LIBERAL MONARCHY TO REPUBLIC. INTRODUCTION. Spain experienced a period of political upheavals along the 19 th due to: claims to the throne military revolts demands for greater democracy. 1. SPAIN FROM LIBERAL MONARCHY TO REPUBLIC. 1833. 1868.

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SPAIN: LIBERAL MONARCHY TO REPUBLIC

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  1. SPAIN: LIBERAL MONARCHY TO REPUBLIC

  2. INTRODUCTION • Spain experienced a period of politicalupheavalsalongthe 19th due to: • claims to thethrone • military revolts • demands for greaterdemocracy

  3. 1. SPAIN FROM LIBERAL MONARCHY TO REPUBLIC 1833 1868 • Spain experienced series of political upheavals in the mid-19th century. These included conflicting claims to the throne, military revolts ans demands for greater democracy. • For a short period Spain became a republic. Monarchy R Monarchy Absolutism L A Liberalism Carlos IV Fernando VII Isabel II R.S. Alfonso XII XIX Century SPAIN

  4. 2. SPAIN FROM LIBERAL MONARCHY TO REPUBLIC S. XIX: IDEOLOGIES Absolutists Apostolicals Carlists ModeratsNarvaez Monàrquics Liberals UnionistesUnió liberal O’donnell Republicans Federalists: Pi and Margall Unitarians:Castelar Radicals ProgressistsEsparteroandPrim Democrats

  5. 3. The reign of Isabel II ( 1833 - 1868 ) • Thisreignmeant: 1. the end of the absolutism. 2. The establishment of a liberal constitutional monarchy. The Queen had a high but limited by the constitution. The Queen had the support of: -Moderate Liberal Party….. (strong royal authority & limited male suffrage) -Progressive Liberal Party…. (limited royal authority & universal male suffrage) There were various constitutions: -1834 (Royal Statute , Moderates), 1837 (Progressives), -1845 (Moderates), 1856 (Not enacted, Progressives), Military participated in politics with revolts “pronunciamientos” to acquire more power. • New contitutions were propsed and limited male suffrafe was established • The military took part in politics and caused revolts in order to get more power • Two regents governed in Isabel’s place: • Maria Cristina • General Espartero • The First Carlist War took place during this period (1833-1840)

  6. The firstcarlistwar The first Carlist War lasted more than seven years and the fighting spanned most of the country at one time or another, although the main conflict centered on the Carlist homelands of the Basque Country and Aragon, Catalonia and Valencia. TheFirstCarlistWarby Ferrer Dalmau

  7. THE FIRST CARLIST WAR MAP

  8. 4. THE GLORIOUS REVOLUTION • Thefirstattempttoestablishdemocracy in SpainiscalledtheGloriousRevolution • TheConstitution of 1869 wasapprobed. • Universal manhoodsuffragewasapprovedwiththisconstitution • ThisattempttoestablishdemocracywasfollowedbytheSixRevolutionaryYears. Thereweretwopoliticalsystems in Spain: • DEMOCRATIC MONARCHY (1871-1873) • THE FIRST REPUBLIC (1873-1874)

  9. 4.1. POLITICAL SYSTEMS A) DEMOCRATIC MONARCHY • Amadeo de Savoybecame King of Spain • He abdicatedas therepublicans and theCarlistsrejectedhim. • Thesupporters of Alfonso opposedtohim. Amadeo of Savoy

  10. B) THE FIRST REPUBLIC • The First Republic faced many problems: • Demands for greater regional autonomy (Andalucía, Levante and Catalonia). • Republicans were divided among themselves • The Third Carlist War (1872-1876) broke out • Monetary union was achieved during the Six Revolutionary Years →PESETA There was another military uprising in December 1874. It brought the restoration of monarchy → RETURN OF BOURBON MONARCHY Bourbon coat of arms

  11. IMPORTANT BIOGRAPHIES Maria Cristina General Baldomero Espartero

  12. MARIA CRISTINA • She was born in Palermo, Sicily in 1806. • Francis I of the Two Sicilies(king of Naples) was her father and María Isabella of Spain was her mother • She became Fernando VII's, who was her uncle, wife when she was 26 years old. • She wanted that her daughter, Isabel II to become Queen as she didn't give birth to any boy. • Before he died in 1833, he signed a document which said that Isabel II would be Queen of Spain • Maria Cristina became her daughter's regent • On 28 December 1833, shortly after the death of Ferdinand VII, Maria Christina had secretly married an ex-sergeant from the royal guard, Agustín Fernando Muñoz (1808–1873). Maria Christina and Muñoz had several children together while trying to keep their marriage a secret. • Maria Christina died in Le Havre, France on 22 August 1878. As the widow of Ferdinand VII and the mother of Isabella II, Maria Christina was buried in the royal crypt of El Escorial monastery.

  13. GENERAL BALDOMERO ESPARTERO • He wasborn in Granátula de Catatrava, Ciudad Real on 27th February 1793 • He was a Spanish general and political figure • He wasassociatedwiththe radical orprogressivewinf of Spainliberalism and wouldbecometheir symbol and championaftertakingcreditovertheCarlists in 1839. • He had noble titlessuchas: - Duke of La Victoria (grantedby Isabel II) - Prince of Vergara (grantedby King Amadeo, 1870. He diedon 8th January 1879 in Logroño, La Rioja

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