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omputer omponents

C. C. omputer omponents. Exit. S. H. software –electronic instructions used to run the computer, also known as programs. hardware –equipment which makes up the computer system such as the monitor, CPU, or printer. Exit. D. ata Cycle. Exit. I. P. S. O.

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omputer omponents

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  1. C C omputer omponents Exit

  2. S H • software –electronic instructions used to run the computer, also known as programs. • hardware –equipment which makes up the computer system such as the monitor, CPU, or printer. Exit

  3. D ata Cycle Exit

  4. I P S O Input-putting information into the computer Processing-organizing information Storage-holds information until it is needed Output-allows user to view or hear information

  5. I Input Devices • Mouse • Keyboard • Scanners • Digital Camera • Microphone Equipment used to put information into the computer. Exit

  6. Input Devices • keyboard- used to enter text • mouse- allows users interact with the computer using clicks and drags. • microphone –allows users to record sound and voice data. Exit

  7. P Processing Puts your information in a usable form. CPU-Central Processing Unit Exit

  8. Processor • Central Processing Unit (CPU)-processes and organizes data entered into the computer. It is referred to as the “brains” of the computer. • Tower – the enclosure that contains the main components of the computer such as the motherboard, hard drive and power supply. Exit

  9. S Storage Devices used to store information until it is needed. • Hard Drive • DVDs • CD Rom • Flash Drive Exit

  10. Storage Devices • hard drive –a storage device built into the CPU. The drive letter is usually C: • Jump drive–a portable storage device capable of storing hundreds of floppy disks. The drive letter is usually F: • CD – (compact disc) a round shiny disk used to store large amounts of data such as music, text or pictures. The drive letter is usually D: • DVD- (digital versatile disc) contains full-length motion pictures Exit

  11. O Output Devices • Printer • Monitor • Speakers Equipment used to take information from the computer. Exit

  12. Output Devices • printer –an output device which puts data onto paper. The printout is known as a hard copy • speakers –an output device which allows users to listen to sound. • monitor –a television like output device that allows the user to view data on the screen. Exit

  13. I P S O Information Data Flow Exit

  14. M easurements Exit

  15. ASCII • ASCII stands for American Standard Code for Information Interchange. • Information inside a computer is written in binary code using 1’s and 0’s. • It takes eight 0’s and 1’s to make a character. Each 0 and 1 takes one bit of memory. • Eight bits make One byte the amount of memory needed to store one character. (A character is any letter, number, symbol or space.) Exit

  16. Bytes • kilobyte – approximately a thousand bytes (1,024 bytes) • megabyte – approximately a million bytes (1,048,576 bytes) • gigabyte – approximately a billion bytes (1,073,741,824 bytes) • terabyte – approximately a trillion bytes (1,099,511,627,776 bytes) Exit

  17. Two Types of Memory • RAM-(Random Access Memory) temporary memory used to run software. The amount of memory, determines how fast your programs will operate. If you do not save the data, it will disappear when you turn off the computer. Exit

  18. ROM-(Read Only Memory) a permanent type of memory that does not lose information, even when the power is turned off. Once data is programmed into the ROM chip, its contents cannot be altered. For example, information for starting up your computer is stored in ROM. Exit

  19. Printer Quality • dpi – (dots per inch) printer quality is measured by the number of dots which make-up the image. The higher the dpi the more clear the image. Exit

  20. Types Of Printers • Dot matrix-tiny dots on the paper. • slow and loud and very low quality • Laser jet-sprays ink directly on the paper. • ink is still wet and can smear, medium quality • Laser-a laser beam and mirror is used to create image. Toner is applied and dried. • costly to operate, very fast and produce high quality prints. Exit

  21. E F D 3 functions of a Computer Even though we think of computers as being “smart” they really only have three main functions. 1-Fetch 2-Decode 3-Execute Exit

  22. E F D 3 functions of a Computer etch is responsible for retrieving data from the computer’s memory. ecode’s job is to read the data and determine what is to be done. xecute carries out the job, and then the cycle repeats. A computer carries out these three functions millions of times each second. Exit

  23. The Cold Boot Process When you first turn on the computer, nothing much seems to happen for a few seconds. In fact your computer is performing a set of operations that will check that all the components are working correctly. This operation is called the Power On Self Test or POST. It is the first part of the boot process. As the POST is doing its job, you will see and hear indications that something is happening… you might see the keyboard lights flash on for a second, you might hear floppy disk drive activity, you may see activity on the monitor. This is because all the system components are being tested, including the CPU, the RAM, and all other components. If there are any errors or faults found during the POST, you might see error messages on the computer display and hear beeps from the speakers. If no problems are encountered during the POST, then the Operating System is loaded into memory and the boot process can continue until all systems are operating correctly. Exit

  24. The Cold Boot Process • Checks available RAM • Checks for and tests hardware • Checks for viruses • Loads the Operating System Exit

  25. The Operating System (copy what is in pink) After the start up process is completed the operating system is loaded. The operating system is the master program that runs the computer doing housekeeping tasks, such as input and output between the computer and peripherals, and accepting and interpreting information from the keyboard. DOS and Windows are examples of popular operating systems. It translates your instructions into actions. Exit

  26. User Interface • Windows Vista is the operating system used in this lab. Windows is a GUI environment. • GUI-graphical user interface allows users to click pictures called 'icons' to communicate with the computer. • Icon-a little picture on your screen that you can click on with your mouse. An icon can represent a file, program, peripheral, or tool. • Peripheral-any external device that plugs into your computer, such as a printer, modem, scanner, or tape drive. Exit

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