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A low Density Lubricant System with Significantly Improved Green Strength and Ejection forces

A low Density Lubricant System with Significantly Improved Green Strength and Ejection forces. Dennis Hammond Apex Advanced Technologies Cleveland, OH. Green Strength Problems. Cracks from ejection Chipping Handling system damage Defects post sintering

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A low Density Lubricant System with Significantly Improved Green Strength and Ejection forces

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  1. A low Density Lubricant System with Significantly Improved Green Strength and Ejection forces Dennis Hammond Apex Advanced Technologies Cleveland, OH

  2. Green Strength Problems • Cracks from ejection • Chipping • Handling system damage • Defects post sintering • Powders that do not hold together during compaction • Inverse relationship with green density

  3. Mechanism of Green Strength • Powder variables-geometric, intrinsic and surface related • Inter-particle locking • Weakest link-lubricant ,oxides

  4. New Lubricant SystemEnhancer ST • Modified polymer, surface treated with a lubricant • Lubricant portion allows for slippage- metal particle to metal particle • Polymer portion deforms with shear • Polymer simulates metal particle interlock • Energy needed to deform 120 F( 49C ) to180 F (82 C) ideal part temperature

  5. Stainless Steel • Stainless powder is inherently on the low side of ideal for green strength • Stainless re-mill difficult to press • Stainless gas atomized powder not considered press able due to low green strength • Low density applications are not readily pressable due to low green strength

  6. Non-Press able Stainless Applications • 316L, 5.5g/cc, special particle size, 1330 PSI, 1% Enhancer ST, in production • 316L 100% re-mill, non-pressable 1% Enhancer ST, in production • 316L gas atomized powder D-50, 40Micron, 50 TSI, 859 PSI green strength, 6.68g/cc, 2% Enhancer ST

  7. Iron Parts • Low density- low green strength, cracks, chips, handling defects etc • Rising cost of sponge verses water atomized • Re-mill low green strength • Off grade powder –inherently low green strength

  8. Non traditional Metals Product acts as binder Titanium CP, Titanium 6-4, Titanium Carbide, Zinc, Tungsten /Iron

  9. Conclusions Stainless Steel P/M parts made with this product can be made having significantly higher green strength with better ejection Non typical Stainless applications can be pressed into parts-low density, gas atomized,100% re-mill Low density water atomized iron parts can be made with green strength adequate for processing

  10. Conclusion cont. Water atomized can be substituted for sponge in some applications and can have adequate green strength, with better ejection and lower compressibility than sponge Copper base metal powder can have excellent green strength and lower ejection Non traditional powders can be processed

  11. Conclusion cont. • Zinc Stearate can be eliminated by using this product with better compressibility, lower ejection, and higher green strength without environmental issues • A.D is not as good with this product as Zinc Stearate, more comparable to Acrawax. Flow is typically as good or better than either product

  12. Conclusions Cont. • A.D. can be improved with the co-addition of Zinc Stearate or Lithium Stearate 75-90% Enhancer ST 25-10% Zinc or Lithium Stearate • Some loss of green strength with these additions, proportional to use E.G 10% ZnSt, 6 % decrease in G.S

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