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The Grainger Center for Electric Machinery and Electromechanics – Update, May 2003

The Grainger Center for Electric Machinery and Electromechanics – Update, May 2003. Power Affiliates Meeting May 2003. P. T. Krein, Director Grainger Center for Electric Machinery and Electromechanics Dept. of Electrical and Computer Engineering. Purposes of the Grainger Center.

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The Grainger Center for Electric Machinery and Electromechanics – Update, May 2003

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  1. The Grainger Center for Electric Machinery and Electromechanics – Update, May 2003 Power Affiliates Meeting May 2003 P. T. Krein, Director Grainger Center for Electric Machinery and Electromechanics Dept. of Electrical and Computer Engineering

  2. Purposes of the Grainger Center • Establish leadership and advance technologies in electric machines and electromechanics. • Nurture a new generation of engineers for the electric machinery field. • Support relevant student team programs, such as the Future Energy Challenge. • Stimulate activity in areas of electrical energy related to expanding the scope and applications of machines and electromechanics.

  3. Purposes of the Grainger Center • Organize a national collaborative network for machines innovation. • California – Berkeley • Georgia Tech • Ohio State • Purdue • Wisconsin • The Center is now a permanent endowed program thanks to a new $10 million grant from the Grainger Foundation.

  4. Present Status • Through the Center, and PSERC, the Power Area has seen substantial recent growth. • There will be more than 40 graduate students in the Fall. • About 15 students are supported mainly through the Center. • Center funds are also leveraged, with Power Affiliates funds, for major national grants and other resources.

  5. Project Overview • Fundamentals of machine design. • Best use of materials. • Best match to applications. • “Inverter-dedicated” machines. • MEMS work from the application and electromechanics viewpoints. • Motor and power electronics control (from a systems perspective). • Power electronic devices to expand the application of drives.

  6. Project Overview • Fuel cell energy processing. • Biomechanical energy conversion research. • Ideas with the potential for revolutionary advances in machines and electromechanical devices. • Automotive 42 V power systems. • NSF-sponsored flexible power system concept to integrate technical, environmental, economic, and operational issues into fast system control.

  7. Sample Projects • Induction machine optimization for “dedicated inverter” operation. • Rotor designed for either castor bar insertion construction. • Take advantage of an electronicdrive to deliver the necessaryfrequency to provide high torqueand low loss. • Consider flex circuits as a way tocreate stator windings.

  8. Sample Projects • Rugged field sensor for construction equipment. • Create an electric field sensor that can warn of power line proximity to a construction vehicle or tool. • A rugged capacitive divider structure was shown to be useable for this application.

  9. Sample Projects • Gallium-nitride device development for power electronics. • GaN allows processing of power at high voltages and high temperatures. It is an important alternative to SiC. • Our collaborators can make material, and are testing some diode and FET structures.

  10. Sample Projects • Efficiency-optimizing control for motor drives. • This is based on the ripple-correlation concept invented at Illinois. Motor flux is adjusted in real time to minimize power consumption. • Significantbenefits at light load.

  11. Sample Projects • High-quality digital pulse width modulation (PWM) for power conversion applications. • The “space vector modulation” approach often used today acts as a “uniform sampling” method and introduces distortion. • Analog sine-triangle PWM avoids distortion. • The objective is to perform this in a digital process, based on our audio amplifier work.

  12. Sample Projects • Torque ripple correction in permanent magnet machines. • Determine the best stator current waveforms. • Determine how these must be adjusted as operating conditions fluctuate. • Implement in a prototype drive system.

  13. Sample Projects • A sample design challenge: • Efficient miniature power for communications, network nodes, and MEMS devices. • Supply just a few milliwatts, with very high efficiency. • Example: power on a chip. • Or, supply many watts, atlow voltage, for an IC. • 50 W, 0.8 V • 100 W, 1.2 V

  14. Future Projects • Fundamental tradeoffs in materials for small machines. • Ultra low voltage machine designs. • Power conversion for direct fuel cell, battery, and advanced electronics applications. • Simplified converters for 12 V to 42 V automotive interfaces.

  15. Conclusion • The Grainger CEME is now a national research leader in electric machines and electromechanics. • We intend to nurture a new generation of machine designers with broad systems expertise and a background in fundamental electromechanics. • We seek to pursue revolutionary concepts in the design, control, and use of all types of electromechanical devices and related energy systems.

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