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COMPUTER HARDWARE & SOFTWARE. BY: WAQAR HUSSAIN MUGHAL. COMPUTER HARDWARE. COMPUTER HARDWARE. COMPUTER HARDWARE. Computer hardware (usually simply called 'hardware' when a computing context is concerned) is the collection of physical elements that constitutes a computer system.
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COMPUTER HARDWARE & SOFTWARE • BY: WAQAR HUSSAIN MUGHAL
COMPUTER HARDWARE • Computer hardware (usually simply called 'hardware' when a computing context is concerned) is the collection of physical elements that constitutes a computer system.
COMPUTER HARDWARE • Computer hardware is the physical parts or components of a computer, such as the monitor, mouse,keyboard, computer data storage, hard disk drive (HDD), graphic cards, sound cards, memory (RAM), motherboard, and so on, all of which are physical objects that are tangible.
TYPES OF HARDWARE • 1) The central processing unit (CPU) isresponsible for processing most of the computer’s data, turning input into output.
1st type of hardware • As you might imagine, the speed and performance of the CPU is one of the biggest factors that determines how well a computer works. A CPU is a very small, thin silicon wafer that is encased in a ceramic chip and then mounted on a circuit board.
TYPES OF HARDWARE • 2) Memory consists of computer chips that hold data.
2nd Type of Hardware • One type of memory, called Random Access Memory (RAM), forms the central pool of memory that a computer uses to operate. The more RAM a computer has, the more applications it can have open at once without the computer’s performance starting to bog down.
TYPES OF HARDWARE • A hard drive stores software.
3rd Type Of Hardware • When the computer is turned off, whatever is on the hard drive remains there, so you don’t have to reload software every time you turn on the computer. The operating system and your applications load from the hard drive into memory, where they run.
TYPES OF HARDWARE • In addition to the components in the system unit, a computer may come with one or more input devices.
4th Type Of Hardware • Input devices include keyboards, mice, trackballs, and touchpads.
TYPES OF HARDWARE • Each computer has some type of display screen.
5th Type Of Hardware • Depending on the type of computer, the display screen may be built-in, or may be a separate unit called a monitor with its own power cord, as shown. Some displays are touch screen, so you can use your finger on the screen to provide input to the computer.
TYPES OF HARDWARE • Most desktop and notebook computers come with an optical drive, which is a drive that will read CDs, DVDs, and/or Blu-ray discs.
6th Type Of Hardware • Optical drives get their name from the way data is written and read on the disc. A laser light shines on the surface, and a sensor measures how much light is bounced back from a certain sp Some laptop computers come without DVD capabilities because you can download and install software or play videos and music from the cloud (that is, via the Internet), so it's possible to get along just fine without the ability to play DVDs. However, most desktop computers still come with a DVD drive.ot.
TYPES OF HARDWARE • Whatever computer you have, you will probably want to use it to connect to the Internet. That means you will want it to have a network adapter in it.
7th Type Of Hardware • That capability may be built into the computer, or it may be added to the computer via an expansion board or a device that plugs into a port. • Internet connectivity can be either wired or wireless. A wired connection requires you to connect a cable from the computer to the device that supplies your Internet connection (such as a cable modem). That type of cable and connection is known as Ethernet.
SOFTWARE • Computer software also called a program or simply software is any set of instructions that directs a computer to perform specific tasks or operations. Computer software consists of computer programs, libraries and related non-executable data (such as online documentation or digital media).
SOFTWARE • Computer software is non-tangible, contrasted with computer hardware, which is the physical component of computers. Computer hardware and software require each other and neither can be realistically used without the other.
SYSTEM SOFTWARE • System software is a type of computer program that is designed to run a computer’s hardware and application programs. If we think of the computer system as a layered model, the system software is the interface between the hardware and user applications.
SYSTEM SOFTWARE • The operating system (OS) is the best-known example of system software. The OS manages all the other programs in a computer.
Other examples of system software and what each does: • The BIOS (basic input/output system) gets the computer system started after you turn it on and manages the data flow between the operating system and attached devices such as the hard disk, video adapter, keyboard, mouse, and printer. • The boot program loads the operating system into the computer's main memory or random access memory (RAM).
Examples: • An assembler takes basic computer instructions and converts them into a pattern of bits that the computer's processor can use to perform its basic operations.
OPERATING SYSTEM • An Operating System is a program designed to run other programs on a computer. A computer's operating system is its most important program. It is considered as trhe backbone of a computer managing both software and hardware device.
UTILITIES • Utility Software is a kind of system software designed to help, analyze, configure, optimize and maintain the computer. A single piece of utility software is usually called a utility or tool. • If we are having any problem related to system then we can solve it through utility software. • For example - Antivirus:- Utility scan for computer virus. • - Memory tester check's for memory failure etc.
APPLICATION SOFTWARE • An application is any program, or group of programs, that is designed for the end user. Application software can be divided into two general classes: systems software and applications software. Applications software (also called end-user programs) include such things as database programs, word processors, Web browsers and spreadsheets.
Types of Application Software: • Word Processing Software: Allows users to create, edit a document. Example: MS Word, Word Pad etc. • Spreadsheet Software: Allows users to create document and perform calculation. Example: Excel, Lotus1-2-3 etc.
Types of Application Software: • Database Software: Allows users to store and retrieve vast amount of data. Example: MS Access, MySQL, Oracle etc. • Presentation Graphic Software: Allows users to create visual presentation. Example: MS Power Point • Multimedia Software: Allows users to create image, audio, video etc. Example: Real Player, Media Player etc.
DIFFERENCE B/W S.S & A.S a system software runs the system where an application system runs over the system software. 2) a system software are programs that run & control the hardware units of the system & an application software doesn't. 3) system programs are written using dll, exe files for windows & rpm files for linux etc, where application software are developed on the basis these files or by using different language files. 4) u can't create applications using system software but application software are specially made to create applications for users.
KNOWLEDGE OF THE DAY • Peter Laurite Jensen was the inventor of the first loudspeaker. Wikipedia • Born: May 16, 1886, Falster, Denmark • Died: October 26, 1961, Western Springs, Illinois, United States • Organizations founded: Magnavox, Jensen Loudspeakers
KNOWLEDGE OF THE DAY • The man who invented the microprocessor The four-bit 4004 microprocessor was originally designed for a Busicom calculator TED HOFF
