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Section 9-2 Peru & Ecuador

Section 9-2 Peru & Ecuador. 1. What are the 3 climate zones of Peru? Coastal desert, Snowcapped Andes, Amazon Rainforest. 2. What is an ocean current ? What does the Peru Current do for Peru?

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Section 9-2 Peru & Ecuador

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  1. Section 9-2 Peru & Ecuador 1. What are the 3 climate zones of Peru? Coastal desert, Snowcapped Andes, Amazon Rainforest 2. What is an ocean current? What does the Peru Current do for Peru? Moving streams of water in the ocean; The Peru current brings cold water from the south, keeping the climate mild and dry and giving Peru its second largest export – fish. Machu Picchu 3. What is the world’ highest navigable lake? What does the term navigable mean? Lake Titicaca; Navigable - body of water deep and wide enough for boat travel

  2. 4. What are foothills? What is the environment of the foothills and flat plains of Peru? Low hills at the base of a mountain range; The foothills and plains contain the thick, hot rain forests of the Amazon Basin 5. What are natural resources? What is Peru’s largest natural resource and largest export? Products of the earth that people use to meet their needs; Copper 6. What are subsistence farmers? What percentage of Peruvians work the land? They grow only enough food to meet the needs of their family. About 1/3 (33%) of Peruvians are subsistence farmers. Copper

  3. 7. What is the main subsistence crop of Peru? How do its many varieties differ? Potatoes – Hundreds of varieties in different colors and shapes. 8. What are terraced fields? Guess why they are used. Wide, long steps cut into the mountainsides to prevent erosion of soil & washing away of crops. 9. What is an empire? What was the largest, most powerful Native American empire? A large area of land under one ruler; The Inca Empire was the largest Native American empire, stretching 2,500 miles along the Andes from Colombia to Chile.

  4. 10. What types of engineering marvels did the Inca work crews build? Irrigation systems, stone roads, & suspension bridges (made from woven grass). 11. The Inca builders are most famous for what building technique? Building with huge solid stone blocks that fit together like a jigsaw puzzle. 12. Name two of the Incas famous cities. (1) Cuzco- their capital; (2) Machu Picchu – their magnificent mountain retreat 13. Which European nation conquered the Inca? What 2 resources did the Europeans desire? The Spanish - Gold and Silver

  5. Name the conquistador and Incan emperor involved in the conquest. (skip - not in book) • The Spaniard, F. Pizarro conquered the Inca emperor Atahualpa. Pizarro kidnapped him, demanding & receiving a room of gold & silver. He killed Atahaulpa anyway. • Describe the racial groups of Peru. Which racial group controls most wealth and power? • 50% of Peruvians are Native Americans. There are also many mestizos. However, Europeans control most wealth and power. • What archipelago is Ecuador famous for? Why are these islands so famous? • The Galapagos Islands are well known • for their unique and tame animal • species. The huge Galapagos tortoise • is the world’s longest living species. Section 9-3 Bolivia & Chile

  6. Section 9-3 Bolivia & Chile • Define “landlocked.” Name • the largest landlocked nation • in the Western Hemisphere? • Land that does not touch a sea • or ocean; Bolivia is the largest landlocked nation. • 2. What is the altiplano? Why do most Bolivians live there? • A very high, cold, barren plateau in the Andes Mts; People live there simply because as descendents of Inca and other civilizations they have always lived there. • 3. Who is the president of Bolivia? Why was he elected? • Evo Morales; Most Bolivians are poor Native Americans and they elected him because he is also an Indian and he promises to improve their lives. Evo Morales

  7. 4. How do you think the nations in Chapter 9 compare in wealth to the U.S.A.? US average is $41,400; Chile - $4,910; Peru - $2360; Ecuador - $2180; Colombia - $2000; Bolivia - $960 5. What is the leading export product of Chile and where in the nation is it found? Copper is Chile’s main export. Chile is the world’s leading producer of Copper. It’s found in the Atacama Desert, one of the driest regions in the world. 6. Describe the ”Far South” of Chile. A stormy, wind-swept region of snowcapped volcanoes, forests, and glaciers.

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