The Wrist and Hand Joints

1. The Wrist and Hand Joints Anatomy and Physiology of Human Movement 420:050

2. The Wrist and Hand Joints • Many sports require precise functioning of wrist & hand • Archery, bowling, golf, baseball, tennis, etc. require combined use of wrist & hand joints • Very complex • 29 bones • 25 joints • 33 muscles

3. Objectives • Bones, bony landmarks and joints • Muscles • Movements

4. Bones • 29 bones, including radius & ulna • Carpals (8) • Two rows of 4 bones • Metacarpals (5) • Numbered 1-5 • Phalanges (14) • Three for each finger • Two for the thumb • Thumb has a sesamoid bone in its flexor tendon • Other sesamoids may occur in joints of fingers

6. Bones • Carpal bones form a three-sided arch • Concave on palmar side • creates the carpal tunnel • Frequently a source of problems known as carpal tunnel syndrome

8. Wrist and Hand Joints • Radiocarpal joint • Biaxial ball and socket • Intercarpal joints • Gliding/nonaxial • Carpometacarpal joints • Fingers – Gliding/nonaxial • Thumb – Biaxial saddle

10. Wrist and Hand Joints • Metacarpophalangeal joints • Fingers – Biaxial ball and socket • Thumb – Uniaxial hinge • Proximal interphalangeal joints • Fingers – Uniaxial hinge • Distal interphalangeal joints • Fingers – Uniaxial hinge • Interphalangeal joint • Thumb – Uniaxial hinge

13. Objectives • Bones, bony landmarks and joint • Muscles • Movements

14. Wrist and Hand Muscles • Extrinsic muscles (15) • All multiarticular • Elbow/wrist/hand (1) • Elbow/wrist (6) • Wrist/hand (8) • Intrinsic muscles (18)

15. Extrinsic Wrist and Hand Muscles (15) • Elbow, Wrist and Hand (3) • Elbow flexion, wrist flexion, finger flexion (1) • Elbow extension, wrist extension, finger extension (2) • Fingers 2, 3, 4, 5 • Pinky • Elbow and Wrist (6) • Elbow flexion, wrist flexion (3) • 1 wrist abductor • 1 wrist adductor • 1 flexor only • Elbow flexion, wrist extension (2) • 1 wrist abductor • 1 wrist adductor • Elbow extension, wrist extension (1) • Wrist adductor • Wrist and Hand (6) • Wrist flexion, finger flexion (1) • Wrist flexion, thumb flexion (1) • Wrist abductor • Wrist extension, index finger extension (1) • Wrist extension, thumb extension (2) • Wrist abductors • Wrist flexion, thumb abduction (1) • Wrist abductor

16. Attachments • Elbow, Wrist and Hand (3) • Elbow flexion, wrist flexion, finger flexion (1) • Elbow extension, wrist extension, finger extension (2) • Fingers 2, 3, 4, 5 • Pinky

18. Attachments • Elbow, Wrist and Hand (3) • Elbow flexion, wrist flexion, finger flexion (1) • Elbow extension, wrist extension, finger extension (2) • Fingers 2, 3, 4, 5 • Pinky

21. Attachments • Elbow and Wrist (6) • Elbow flexion, wrist flexion (3) • 1 wrist abductor • 1 wrist adductor • 1 flexor only • Elbow flexion, wrist extension (2) • 1 wrist abductor • 1 wrist adductor • Elbow extension, wrist extension (1) • Wrist adductor

25. Attachments • Elbow and Wrist (6) • Elbow flexion, wrist flexion (3) • 1 wrist abductor • 1 wrist adductor • 1 flexor only • Elbow flexion, wrist extension (2) • 1 wrist abductor • 1 wrist adductor • Elbow extension, wrist extension (1) • Wrist adductor

28. Attachments • Elbow and Wrist (6) • Elbow flexion, wrist flexion (3) • 1 wrist abductor • 1 wrist adductor • 1 flexor only • Elbow flexion, wrist extension (2) • 1 wrist abductor • 1 wrist adductor • Elbow extension, wrist extension (1) • Wrist adductor

30. Attachment Rules • Elbow/Wrist/Hand and Elbow/Wrist Muscles • Wrist Flexors • Proximal: Medial or Lateral epicondyle of humerus • Distal: Depends • Wrist Extensors • Proximal: Medial or Lateral epicondyle of humerus • Distal: Depends

31. Attachments • Wrist and Hand (6) • Wrist flexion, finger flexion (1) • Wrist flexion, thumb flexion (1) • Wrist abductor • Wrist flexion, thumb abduction (1) • Wrist abductor • Wrist extension, index finger extension (1) • Wrist extension, thumb extension (2) • Wrist abductors

35. Attachments • Wrist and Hand (6) • Wrist flexion, finger flexion (1) • Wrist flexion, thumb flexion (1) • Wrist abductor • Wrist flexion, thumb abduction (1) • Wrist abductor • Wrist extension, index finger extension (1) • Wrist extension, thumb extension (2) • Wrist abductors

38. Attachment Rules • Wrist/Hand Muscles • Wrist Flexors • Proximal: Anterior or Posterior forearm • Distal: Depends • Wrist Extensors • Proximal: Anterior or Posterior forearm • Distal: Depends

39. Intrinsic Muscles (18)