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Capitolo 10

Capitolo 10. Multi-layer switch: commutazione hardware a vari livelli. Rete geografica (Internet, intranet, extranet). Router. Bridge Switch. A. B. Layer 3 switch. Switch. VLAN 10. VLAN 7. VLAN 15. VLAN 11. Layer 3 switch. VLAN 18. VLAN 5. VLAN 33. VLAN 21. A. B. Router.

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Capitolo 10

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  1. Capitolo 10 Multi-layer switch: commutazione hardware a vari livelli

  2. Rete geografica (Internet, intranet, extranet) Router Bridge Switch

  3. A B Layer 3 switch Switch

  4. VLAN 10 VLAN 7 VLAN 15 VLAN 11 Layer 3 switch VLAN 18 VLAN 5 VLAN 33 VLAN 21

  5. A B Router Switch

  6. A B Layer 3 switch

  7. Internet

  8. Layer 7 switch Application layer switch Content aware router Server load balancer Internet

  9. Client Layer 7 Switch Server SYN SYN/ACK ACK GET URL SYN SYN/ACK ACK GET URL Dati Dati

  10. Content delivery network

  11. Legenda Router Porta root Porta designated Porta Blocking Rete geografica c VLAN4 VLAN2 VLAN3 2 S1-P Bridge-Prio 24576 S1-S Bridge-Prio 28672 Root Bridge 1 VLAN2 VLAN2 VLAN2 S2 32768 S5 32768 VLAN3 VLAN3 VLAN3 VLAN4 VLAN4 VLAN2 S3 32768 S6 32768 VLAN2 VLAN3 VLAN3 VLAN4 VLAN4 VLAN4 S4 32768 S7 32768

  12. Legenda Rete geografica Routing dinamico Router Router Porta root Porta designated Porta Blocking c VLAN4 VLAN4 VLAN2 VLAN2 VLAN3 VLAN3 HSRP, VRRP 2 S1-P Bridge-Prio 24576 S1-S Bridge-Prio 28672 Root Bridge 1 VLAN2 VLAN2 VLAN2 S2 32768 VLAN3 VLAN3 VLAN3 VLAN4 VLAN4 S5 32768 VLAN2 S3 32768 VLAN2 VLAN3 VLAN3 VLAN4 VLAN4 S6 32768 VLAN4 S4 32768 S7 32768

  13. 105 m 50 Piano 60 m Edificio di 6 piani Sala server ubicata al piano terreno

  14. LEGENDA 192.168.9.0 Layer 2 Switch 192.168.10.0 Multi-layer Switch 192.168.11.0 192.168.12.0 Rete geografica 192.168.13.0 SW-1 1 5 192.168.14.0 6 Router SW Switch e router connessi a porte access Server

  15. Fase 1: Creazione VLAN Fase 2: Definizione porte Access Sw(config)#int GigabitEthernet 0/1 Sw(config-if)#switchport access vlan 2 Sw(config-if)#exit …….. Sw(config)#int GigabitEthernet 0/2 Sw(config-if)#switchport access vlan 3 Sw(config-if)#exit …….. Sw(config)#int GigabitEthernet 0/3 Sw(config-if)#switchport access vlan 4 Sw(config-if)#exit ……. Sw(config)#int GigabitEthernet 0/4 Sw(config-if)#switchport access vlan 5 Sw(config-if)#exit …….. Sw(config)#int GigabitEthernet 0/5 Sw(config-if)#switchport access vlan 6 Sw(config-if)#exit …….. Sw(config)#int GigabitEthernet 0/6 Sw(config-if)#switchport access vlan 7 Sw(config-if)#exit Sw#vlan database Sw(vlan)#vlan 2 name Ammin VLAN 2 added: Name: Ammin Sw(vlan)#vlan 3 name Vendite VLAN 3 added: Name: Vendite Sw(vlan)#vlan 4 name Gruppo-1 VLAN 4 added: Name: Gruppo-1 Sw(vlan)#vlan 5 name Gruppo-2 VLAN 5 added: Name: Gruppo-2 Sw(vlan)#vlan 6 name Gruppo-3 VLAN 6 added: Name: Gruppo-3 Sw(vlan)#vlan 7 name Gruppo-4 VLAN 7 added: Name: Gruppo-4 Sw(vlan)#exit APPLY completed. Exiting.... Sw#

  16. Fase 3: Assegnazione indirizzi IP alle interfacce virtuali (VLAN) Sw(config)#interface vlan 2 Sw(config-if)#ip address 192.168.9.1 255.255.255.0 Sw(config-if)#no shutdown Sw(config-if)#exit Sw(config)#interface vlan 3 Sw(config-if)#ip address 192.168.10.1 255.255.255.0 Sw(config-if)#no shutdown Sw(config-if)#exit Sw(config)#interface vlan 4 Sw(config-if)#ip address 192.168.11.1 255.255.255.0 Sw(config-if)#no shutdown Sw(config-if)#exit Sw(config)#interface vlan 5 Sw(config-if)#ip address 192.168.12.1 255.255.255.0 Sw(config-if)#no shutdown Sw(config-if)#exit Sw(config)#interface vlan 6 Sw(config-if)#ip address 192.168.13.1 255.255.255.0 Sw(config-if)#no shutdown Sw(config-if)#exit Sw(config)#interface vlan 7 Sw(config-if)#ip address 192.168.14.1 255.255.255.0 Sw(config-if)#no shutdown Sw(config-if)#exit

  17. VLAN4 VLAN - Subnet IP VLAN5 VLAN 2 - 192.168.9.0 VLAN 3 - 192.168.10.0 VLAN 4 - 192.168.11.0 VLAN 5 - 192.168.12.0 VLAN 6 - 192.168.13.0 VLAN 7 - 192.168.14.0 VLAN2 VLAN3 VLAN7 Rete geografica 1 5 VLAN2 VLAN2 VLAN2 VLAN2 6 VLAN4 VLAN3 VLAN3 VLAN4 Router VLAN5 VLAN5 VLAN5 VLAN4 SW-1 Switch connessi a porte trunk e router a porta access VLAN5 VLAN7 VLAN6 VLAN6 Server

  18. Fase 2: Definizione porte Trunk Sw(config)#interface GigabitEthernet 0/1 Sw(config-if)#switchport mode trunk Sw(config-if)#switchport trunk allowed vlan add 1,4,5 Sw(config-if)#exit Sw(config)#interface GigabitEthernet 0/2 Sw(config-if)#switchport mode trunk Sw(config-if)#switchport trunk allowed vlan add 1,2,4,5,7 Sw(config-if)#exit Sw(config)#interface GigabitEthernet 0/3 Sw(config-if)#switchport mode trunk Sw(config-if)#switchport trunk allowed vlan add 1,2,3,5,6 Sw(config-if)#exit Sw(config)#interface GigabitEthernet 0/4 Sw(config-if)#switchport mode trunk Sw(config-if)#switchport trunk allowed vlan add 1,2,3,7 Sw(config-if)#exit Sw(config)#interface GigabitEthernet 0/5 Sw(config-if)#switchport mode trunk Sw(config-if)#switchport trunk allowed vlan add 1,2,4,5,6 Sw(config-if)#exit Sw(config)#interface GigabitEthernet 0/6 Sw(config-if)#switchport mode trunk Sw(config-if)#switchport trunk allowed vlan add 1,2,3,4,5

  19. LEGENDA A Layer 2 Switch B Multi-layer Switch C SW-1 porta 1 Access (VLAN 4) SW-1 porta 2 Access (VLAN 3) SW-1 porta 3 Access (VLAN 2) SW-1 porta 4 Access (VLAN 5) SW-1 porta 8 Access (VLAN 7) SW-2 porta 1 Access (VLAN 4) SW-2 porta 2 Access (VLAN 3) SW-2 porta 3 Access (VLAN 2) SW-2 porta 4 Access (VLAN 5) SW-2 porta 5 Access (VLAN 6) 10.1.3.1 (10.1.3.3) 10.1.2.2 (10.1.2.3) HSRP/VRRP 10.1.1.1 (10.1.1.3) 10.1.2.1 10.1.3.2 10.1.1.2 Rete geografica 1 2 3 3 2 1 10.1.9.1 10.1.9.2 4 4 8 Routing OSPF 5 10.1.20.1 10.1.10.1 10.1.10.2 Non c’è bisogno del protocollo Spanning Tree! SW SW-2 SW-1 Router

  20. A B C 10.1.2.2 (10.1.2.3) 10.1.3.1 (10.1.3.3) 10.1.1.1 (10.1.1.3) HSRP/VRRP 10.1.3.2 10.1.1.2 10.1.2.1 Rete geografica Router Router 1 2 3 3 2 1 10.1.9.1 10.1.9.2 4 4 Routing OSPF 8 5 10.1.20.1 10.1.10.1 10.1.10.2 Router

  21. SW-1: Assegnazione indirizzi IP e configurazione HSRP SW-1(config)#interface vlan 2 SW-1(config-if)#ip address 10.1.1.1 255.255.255.0 SW-1(config-if)#standby 8 preempt SW-1(config-if)#standby 8 priority 105 SW-1(config-if)#standby 8 ip 10.1.1.3 SW-1(config-if)#no shutdown SW-1(config-if)#exit SW-1(config)#interface vlan 3 SW-1(config-if)#ip address 10.1.2.1 255.255.255.0 SW-1(config-if)#standby 9 preempt SW-1(config-if)#standby 9 ip 10.1.2.3 SW-1(config-if)#no shutdown SW-1(config-if)#exit SW-1(config)#interface vlan 4 SW-1(config-if)#ip address 10.1.3.1 255.255.255.0 SW-1(config-if)#standby 10 preempt SW-1(config-if)#standby 10 priority 105 SW-1(config-if)#standby 10 ip 10.1.3.3 SW-1(config-if)#no shutdown SW-1(config-if)#exit SW-1(config)#interface vlan 5 SW-1(config-if)#ip address 10.1.9.1 255.255.255.252 SW-1(config-if)#no shutdown SW-1(config-if)#exit SW-1(config)#interface vlan 7 SW-1(config-if)#ip address 10.1.20.1 255.255.255.252 Candidato Active Candidato Standby Candidato Active

  22. SW-2: Assegnazione indirizzi IP e configurazione HSRP SW-2(config)#interface vlan 2 SW-2(config-if)#ip address 10.1.1.2 255.255.255.0 SW-2(config-if)#standby 8 preempt SW-2(config-if)#standby 8 ip 10.1.1.3 SW-2(config-if)#no shutdown SW-2(config-if)#exit SW-2(config)#interface vlan 3 SW-2(config-if)#ip address 10.1.2.2 255.255.255.0 SW-2(config-if)#standby 9 preempt SW-2(config-if)#standby 9 ip 10.1.2.3 SW-2(config-if)#standby 9 priority 105 SW-2(config-if)#no shutdown SW-2(config-if)#exit SW-2(config)#interface vlan 4 SW-2(config-if)#ip address 10.1.3.2 255.255.255.0 SW-2(config-if)#standby 10 preempt SW-2(config-if)#standby 10 ip 10.1.3.3 SW-2(config-if)#no shutdown SW-2(config-if)#exit SW-2(config)#interface vlan 5 SW-2(config-if)#ip address 10.1.9.2 255.255.255.252 SW-2(config-if)#no shutdown SW-2(config-if)#exit SW-2(config)#interface vlan 6 SW-2(config-if)#ip address 10.1.10.1 255.255.255.252 Candidato Standby Candidato Active Candidato Standby

  23. SW-1: configurazione di routing OSPF SW-1(config)#interface vlan 5 SW-1(config-if)#ip ospf cost 8 SW-1(config)#exit SW-1(config)#router ospf 1 SW-1(config)#redistribute connected SW-1(config-router)#network 10.1.1.0 0.0.0.255 area 40 SW-1(config-router)#network 10.1.2.0 0.0.0.255 area 40 SW-1(config-router)#network 10.1.3.0 0.0.0.255 area 40 SW-1(config-router)#network 10.1.9.0 0.0.0.3 area 40 SW-2: configurazione di routing OSPF SW-2(config)#interface vlan 5 SW-2(config-if)#ip ospf cost 8 SW-2(config)#exit SW-2(config)#router ospf 1 SW-2(config-router)#network 10.1.1.0 0.0.0.255 area 40 SW-2(config-router)#network 10.1.2.0 0.0.0.255 area 40 SW-2(config-router)#network 10.1.3.0 0.0.0.255 area 40 SW-2(config-router)#network 10.1.9.0 0.0.0.3 area 40 SW-2(config-router)#network 10.1.10.0 0.0.0.3 area 40 Router: configurazione di routing OSPF Router(config)#router ospf 1 Router(config-router)#network 10.1.10.0 0.0.0.3 area 40 ……….

  24. LEGENDA A Layer 2 Switch B Multi-layer Switch SW-1 porte 1,2,3,4 Trunk SW-1 porta 8 Access (VLAN7) SW-2 porte 1,2,3,4 Trunk SW-2 porta 5 Access (VLAN6) SW-1 VLAN 2 IP addr 10.1.1.1 SW-1 VLAN 3 IP addr 10.1.2.1 SW-1 VLAN 4 IP addr 10.1.3.1 SW-1 VLAN 7 IP addr 10.1.20.1 SW-2 VLAN 2 IP addr 10.1.1.2 SW-2 VLAN 3 IP addr 10.1.2.2 SW-2 VLAN 4 IP addr 10.1.3.2 SW-2 VLAN 6 IP addr 10.1.10.1 C Protocollo spanning tree HSRP/ VRRP Trunk Trunk Trunk Trunk Trunk Trunk Rete geografica 1 2 3 3 2 1 Trunk 4 4 B.P 24576 B.P 28672 Trunk 6 6 8 5 Routing OSPF 10.1.20.1 10.1.10.1 10.1.10.2 SW-2 SW-1 SW Router Porta root Porta designated Porta Blocking c

  25. A Legenda Porta root Porta designated Porta Blocking B c C Protocollo spanning tree HSRP/ VRRP Trunk Trunk Trunk Trunk Trunk Trunk Rete geografica 10.1.1.2 10.1.1.1 Router Router 1 2 3 3 2 1 10.1.2.1 Trunk 10.1.2.2 4 4 10.1.3.1 10.1.3.2 Trunk 6 6 10.1.10.1 10.1.20.1 8 Routing OSPF 5 10.1.10.2 Router

  26. VLAN 2 10.1.1.0 10.1.1.2 10.1.1.1 Router(SW-2) Router(SW-1) 10.1.2.2 10.1.2.1 VLAN 3 10.1.2.0 Rete geografica 10.1.3.1 10.1.10.1 10.1.20.1 10.1.3.2 10.1.10.2 VLAN 4 Router 10.1.3.0

  27. SW-1: Assegnazione indirizzi IP e configurazione HSRP SW-1(config)#interface vlan 2 SW-1(config-if)#ip address 10.1.1.1 255.255.255.0 SW-1(config-if)#standby 8 preempt SW-1(config-if)#standby 8 priority 105 SW-1(config-if)#standby 8 ip 10.1.1.3 SW-1(config-if)#no shutdown SW-1(config-if)#exit SW-1(config)#interface vlan 3 SW-1(config-if)#ip address 10.1.2.1 255.255.255.0 SW-1(config-if)#standby 9 preempt SW-1(config-if)#standby 9 priority 105 SW-1(config-if)#standby 9 ip 10.1.2.3 SW-1(config-if)#no shutdown SW-1(config-if)#exit SW-1(config)#interface vlan 4 SW-1(config-if)#ip address 10.1.3.1 255.255.255.0 SW-1(config-if)#standby 10 preempt SW-1(config-if)#standby 10 priority 105 SW-1(config-if)#standby 10 ip 10.1.3.3 SW-1(config-if)#no shutdown SW-1(config-if)#exit SW-1(config)#interface vlan 7 SW-1(config-if)#ip address 10.1.20.1 255.255.255.252 SW-1(config-if)#no shutdown SW-1(config-if)#exit Candidato Active Candidato Active Candidato Active

  28. SW-2: Assegnazione indirizzi IP e configurazione HSRP SW-2(config)#interface vlan 2 SW-2(config-if)#ip address 10.1.1.2 255.255.255.0 SW-2(config-if)#standby 8 preempt SW-2(config-if)#standby 8 ip 10.1.1.3 SW-2(config-if)#no shutdown SW-2(config-if)#exit SW-2(config)#interface vlan 3 SW-2(config-if)#ip address 10.1.2.2 255.255.255.0 SW-2(config-if)#standby 9 preempt SW-2(config-if)#standby 9 ip 10.1.2.3 SW-2(config-if)#no shutdown SW-2(config-if)#exit SW-2(config)#interface vlan 4 SW-2(config-if)#ip address 10.1.3.2 255.255.255.0 SW-2(config-if)#standby 10 preempt SW-2(config-if)#standby 10 ip 10.1.3.3 SW-2(config-if)#no shutdown SW-2(config-if)#exit SW-2(config)#interface vlan 6 SW-2(config-if)#ip address 10.1.10.1 255.255.255.252 SW-2(config-if)#no shutdown SW-2(config-if)#exit Candidato Standby Candidato Standby Candidato Standby

  29. SW-1: configurazione di routing OSPF SW-1(config)#router ospf 1 SW-1(config)#redistribute connected SW-1(config-router)#network 10.1.1.0 0.0.0.255 area 40 SW-1(config-router)#network 10.1.2.0 0.0.0.255 area 40 SW-1(config-router)#network 10.1.3.0 0.0.0.255 area 40 SW-2: configurazione di routing OSPF SW-2(config)#router ospf 1 SW-2(config-router)#network 10.1.1.0 0.0.0.255 area 40 SW-2(config-router)#network 10.1.2.0 0.0.0.255 area 40 SW-2(config-router)#network 10.1.3.0 0.0.0.255 area 40 SW-2(config-router)#network 10.1.10.0 0.0.0.3 area 40 Router: configurazione di routing OSPF Router(config)#router ospf 1 Router(config-router)#network 10.1.10.0 0.0.0.3 area 40 ……….

  30. Spanning tree #1 A D Spanning tree #2 B E Spanning tree #3 C F 10.1.3.1 (ind. IP virtuale 10.1.3.3) Legenda 10.1.2.2 (10.1.2.3) Porta root Porta designated Porta Blocking HSRP/ VRRP 10.1.1.1 (10.1.1.3) 10.1.2.1 10.1.3.2 10.1.1.2 c Rete geografica 1 2 3 3 2 1 10.1.9.1 10.1.9.2 4 4 Routing OSPF 8 5 10.1.20.1 10.1.10.1 10.1.10.2 SW-2 SW-1 Router

  31. A Trunk D Legenda Porta root Porta designated Porta Blocking B E Trunk c C F Trunk Protocollo Spanning tree HSRP/ VRRP Trunk Trunk Trunk Trunk Trunk Trunk Rete geografica 1 2 3 3 2 1 Trunk B. Priority 24576 B. Priority 28672 4 4 Trunk 6 6 8 5 Routing OSPF 10.1.20.1 10.1.10.1 10.1.10.2 SW-2 SW-1 Router

  32. A Trunk D B E Trunk C F Trunk Trunk Trunk Trunk Trunk Trunk Trunk Dominio Spanning Tree Trunk X Y B. Priority 24576 B. Priority 28672 Trunk VLAN 3 VLAN 4 VLAN 5 VLAN 6 VLAN 7 VLAN 3 VLAN 4 VLAN 5 VLAN 6 VLAN 7 HSRP/ VRRP 1 1 2 2 3 3 4 4 5 5 Router 8 8 9 SW-2 SW-1 9 10.1.10.2 10.1.10.1 10.1.20.1 Routing OSPF

  33. Edificio A Edificio B SW-7 SW-1 SW-2 SW-2 SW-3 SW-8 SW-9 SW-6 SW-11 SW-4 SW-5 SW-9 SW-8 SW-10 Comprensorio Routing OSPF Edificio C Edificio F Edificio E Edificio D

  34. A Trunk D B E Trunk C F Trunk Trunk Trunk Trunk Trunk Trunk Trunk Dominio Spanning Tree Trunk X Y B. Priority 24576 B. Priority 28672 Trunk VLAN 3, 4, 5, 6, 7 VLAN 3, 4, 5, 6, 7 HSRP/ VRRP 2 2 Router 8 8 9 SW-2 SW-1 9 10.1.10.2 10.1.10.1 10.1.20.1 Routing OSPF

  35. A Trunk D B E Trunk C F Trunk Trunk Trunk Trunk Trunk Trunk Trunk Dominio Spanning Tree Trunk X Y B. Priority 24576 B. Priority 28672 Trunk VLAN 3,4 VLAN 6 VLAN 5,7 VLAN 3,4 VLAN 6 VLAN 5,7 HSRP/ VRRP 1 2 5 2 1 5 Router 8 8 9 SW-2 SW-1 9 10.1.10.2 10.1.10.1 10.1.20.1 Routing OSPF

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