1 / 21

BY, J.SUKESH KUMAR, ROLL NO:29.

CLOSTRIDIUM BOTULINUM &DIFFICILE. BY, J.SUKESH KUMAR, ROLL NO:29. Clostridium botulinum. Scientific classsification. Domain : bacteria Division : firmicutes Class : clostridia Order : clostridiales Family : clostridiaceae Genus : clostridium Species : botulinum.

cole
Download Presentation

BY, J.SUKESH KUMAR, ROLL NO:29.

An Image/Link below is provided (as is) to download presentation Download Policy: Content on the Website is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use and may not be sold / licensed / shared on other websites without getting consent from its author. Content is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use only. Download presentation by click this link. While downloading, if for some reason you are not able to download a presentation, the publisher may have deleted the file from their server. During download, if you can't get a presentation, the file might be deleted by the publisher.

E N D

Presentation Transcript


  1. CLOSTRIDIUM BOTULINUM &DIFFICILE BY,J.SUKESH KUMAR,ROLL NO:29.

  2. Clostridium botulinum

  3. Scientific classsification. • Domain : bacteria • Division : firmicutes • Class : clostridia • Order : clostridiales • Family : clostridiaceae • Genus : clostridium • Species : botulinum

  4. Introduction & morphology. • it was first isolated by emile van ermengem. • It was a gram positive,rod shaped. • It is an obligate anerobe,however tolerates traces of oxygen due to the presence of an enzyme called super oxide dismutase (SOD),which is an anti-oxidant.

  5. Cont………. • It is a spore former producing oval,sub-terminal bulging endospores. • It is motile by peritrichate flagella. • It is non capsulated. • It is about 5 x 1 micro meters in size. Habitat • it is a saprophyte growing in soil,vegetables,animal manure and sea mud.

  6. Cultural characterstics • Optimum temperature is 35 deg celcius. • Growth occurs on ordinary media. • Colonies are--- large irregular semi-transparent with fimbriate border. • Spores are produced consistantly when grown on alkaline glucose gelatin media.

  7. Classification • eight types have been identified(A,B,C1,C2,D,E,F,G) • Classified based on the immunological differences in the toxins produced by them. • all types produce neuro toxins except C2 which produce enterotoxin.

  8. Toxin • It produces an exotoxin. • It is initially a non toxic pro-toxin which becomes active by action of trypsin. • MW is 70000. • Lethal dose for humans is 1-2 mic gm. • It is a neurotoxin.

  9. It leads to dysphagia,diplopia,disarthria. • Death is caused by respiratory paralysis.

  10. PathogenicityIt causes botulism a paralytic disease

  11. Food borne:- • source is usually preserved foods. • Symptoms include vomiting,thirst, constipation,dysphagia. • Death is due to respiratory failure &occurs 1-7 days after onset. • Wound botulism:- • Mainly due to wound infection with cl.botulinum. • Symptoms are Similar to food borne except for GIT components which are absent.

  12. Infant botulism • It occurs in infants below six months. • Manifestations are constipation, poor feeding,Lethargy,weakness,altered cry,loss of head control. • patients excreate toxin&spores in faeces. • It produces SUDDEN INFANT DEATH SYNDROME(SIDS).

  13. Lab diagnosis • Demonstration of bacillus in food or faeces. • Typing is done by passive protection with type specific anti toxin. • Occasionally can be demonstrable in patients blood,or in liver in postmortem. • Control • Proper canning and preservation. • Prophylactic dose of antitoxin during out breaks. • Active immunisation in lab workers is effective.

  14. Clostridium difficile

  15. It was first isolated from faeces of newborn infants. • Morphology • It is long, slender, gram positive bacillus. • It is non hemolytic,saccharolytic,&weakly proteolytic. • Pathogenesis • Antibiotic colitis is due to active multiplication of cl difficile and its production of entero toxin &cytotoxin.

  16. pseudomembranous colitis

  17. Lab diagnosis • Demonstration of the toxin in feces of the patients by its characterstic HEP-2 and human diploid cell cultures or by ELISA. • The toxin is neutralised by CL SORDELLI anti toxin.

  18. Treatment • Metronidazole is the drug of choice • Vancomycin and bacitracin are also useful

  19. Thank you

More Related