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Periodic Table

Periodic Table. Organization of Periodic Table. The Periodic Table organizes information about all known Elements according to the properties Elements are arranged by atomic number Patterns exist in the table that adds additional information about how the Elements will react or will not react.

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Periodic Table

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  1. Periodic Table

  2. Organization of Periodic Table • The Periodic Table organizes information about all known Elements according to the properties • Elements are arranged by atomic number • Patterns exist in the table that adds additional information about how the Elements will react or will not react

  3. Reading the Periodic Table • Elements are substances that cannot be broken down into other substances and are made up of only one kind of atom. • As of know there are 117 Elements. • Each block on the table denotes one Element • Periodic Tables usually include chemical symbol, element name, atomic number, and atomic mass for each element

  4. Reading continued • Usually the chemical symbol is easy to figure out, such as “Si” for Silicon and “C” for Carbon. • Other like gold have chemical symbols like “Au”. This chemical symbol is based on the Latin word for gold (aurum).

  5. Element Block • The atomic number is equal to the number of protons. • The atomic mass of an element is equal to the sum of the protons and neutrons in one atom of an element.

  6. Organizing the Elements • The Elements increase in atomic number across rows and down columns. • The horizontal rows are called periods. • The vertical columns are called groups or families • The Groups or families have similar physical and chemical properties • If we look at Be, Mg, Ca, they will have similar properties

  7. Metals • Metals can be found to the left of the bold staircase that runs through the table • Metals can conduct electricity easily and are called conductors • Metals are malleable, meaning they can be hammered into thin sheets • Metals are also ductile which means they can be stretched into thin wire

  8. Nonmetals • Found to the right of the bold staircase • They can be solids, liquids, or gases • Poor conductors • Nitrogen and Oxygen are two nonmetals that make up a large portion of what we breathe • Graphite is another example and if you think about your pencil lead you see how its properties are different from metal

  9. Properties of Groups or Families • The Alkali Family is Group 1- They are the most reactive metals, if placed in water will react violently • The alkaline earth family is group 2- harder than the alkali metals • The halogen family is group 17, most reactive nonmetals • The noble (inert) gas family is group 18, the last group on the right side. They are least reactive of all elements.

  10. Sodium in Water • http://www.teachertube.com/viewVideo.php?video_id=28174&title=Sodium_in_Water___FHMS

  11. Metalloids • Metalloids carry some properties of metals and some of nonmetals • They are along that jagged line on the periodic table

  12. Transition Elements • Majority of the metals • Groups 3-12 • Also include elements 57-71 and 89-103 • Transition metals tend to be less reactive that the alkali and alkaline earth families

  13. http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=3pRTKxAJK7I

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