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Surgical Diseases of Udder and Teat

Surgical Diseases of Udder and Teat. anatomy. In cattle buffalo, mammary glands are called as udder Location of m glands cattle buffalo-inguinal region primates/elephant pectoral region carnivores ventral aspects of thorax and abdomen. Alveoli acini basic milk producing unit

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Surgical Diseases of Udder and Teat

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  1. Surgical Diseases of Udder and Teat

  2. anatomy • In cattle buffalo, mammary glands are called as udder • Location of m glands • cattle buffalo-inguinal region • primates/elephant pectoral region • carnivores ventral aspects of thorax and abdomen

  3. Alveoli acini basic milk producing unit • When filled with milk it is 0.1-0.33mm • Alveoli are surrounded by myoepithelial cells • Alveoli joins to form lobules and then lobes • Collecting duct (gland cistern) • Teat cistern (teat sinus), teat canal • Teat streak canal teat orifice

  4. Teat holding structure • Median elastic legaments (attached with prepubic tendon • Lateral suspensory ligaments fused on the ventral side of the udder • Skin

  5. Problems of udder • Surgical • Non surgical • Surgical • Congenital Problems • Absence of mammary glands • Supernummary teat • Absence of teat

  6. Conjoined teat

  7. Acquired problems Traumatic milking improper milking leads to fibrosis obstruction of flow of milk Treatment educate the people milk siphon

  8. Bloody milk • Blood mixed in milk (pink color and dark color) • Ext. trauma • Congestion of vessels after parturition • Treatment • Wait for – days • Use of coagulents • Cold water application

  9. Rapture of suspensory ligaments

  10. Rapture of Suspensory ligament • Main holding structure • Etiology • Old age • After parturation • Clinical findings • Udder dropped down • Swollen hard and base of udder is oedematous • Teat directed laterally

  11. Chaps and fissure

  12. Chapping or cracking • Frequent washing, drying, cold and wet wind • Treatment • Emollients bismith subnitras ointment • Zinc ointment

  13. Teat lacerations • Wound produced tearing of tissue • Etiology • Crushing of udder under foot • Hitting of animal • Suckling bite • Catogories • Non penetrating • penetrating

  14. Teat fistula • Congenital/acquired • Diagnosis • Clinical finding and history • Treatment • Debridement • Make the edges sharpe • Apply suture layer by layer

  15. Teat obstruction • Congenital and Acquired • Classification • Basal obstruction • Mid teat obstruction • Apical obstruction

  16. Basal teat obstruction • During dry period due to infection of annular fold of mucous membrane • Annular fold normally kept patent during the lactation by passage of milk • Chronic inflammation leads to ahesion • After calving milk remain in the glandular sinus and can not fill in the teat sinus

  17. TreatmentTeat probe and teat spiral

  18. Mid teat obstruction • Development of localized neoplasia • Fibrosis • Treatment • Large lesion may require open teat surgery • Many lesion may be removed by streak canal

  19. Apical obstruction • Chronic infl condition leads to fibrosis or stenosis of streak canal • Affected animal becomes hard milkers • Treatment • Longitudinal incision of streak canal as palliative treatment (followed by reoccurrence) • Beneficial effects may be made prolonged by using teat dilator for 7 days

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