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2/14/12

2/14/12. Objective: To explore the properties of blood Do now: Take out your notes! Do later: Response questions #6. The Cardiovascular System. The Cardiovascular System. Function: Transport blood, gases and nutrients throughout the body.

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2/14/12

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  1. 2/14/12 • Objective: To explore the properties of blood • Do now: Take out your notes! • Do later: Response questions #6

  2. The Cardiovascular System

  3. The Cardiovascular System • Function: • Transport blood, gases and nutrients throughout the body

  4. The Cardiovascular System • Structure: • Heart pumps blood (creates blood pressure) • Arteries (red) carry oxygenated blood out to the body • Veins (blue) return blood + CO2back to the heart and lungs

  5. Blood • Structure • Blood cells and platelets suspended in liquid plasma • 5-6 L blood/person

  6. Red Blood Cells • Red blood cells transport oxygen from the lungs throughout the body. Blood collecting O2 and releasing CO2 at the lungs

  7. Red Blood Cells • Structure: • Red blood cells lack a nucleus • Function • No nucleus  more surface area for oxygen to enter the cell

  8. Challenge question • If red blood cells lack a nucleus, how can they undergo mitosis?

  9. Red Blood Cells • Red blood cells are filled with hemoglobin • Protein with four heme groups • Each heme group contains an iron atom that can bind one molecule of oxygen.

  10. Challenge problem! An average red blood cell contains about 300 million hemoglobin molecules. How many oxygen molecules can a single red blood cell hold?

  11. Challenge Question • Women require more iron in their diet than men. Why do you think this is so?

  12. White Blood Cells • White blood cells have various immune functions • Neutrophils make up 50-60% of WBCs • Contain powerful digestive enzymes • Engulf viruses and bacteria and digest them.

  13. White Blood Cells • Macrophages also engulf pathogens and digest them. • Present fragments of pathogens on their surface so other WBCs can recognize and kill them.

  14. White Blood Cells • Lymphocytes – B and T cells • B cells create antibodies that bind to pathogens and target them for destruction

  15. White Blood Cells • Lymphocytes – B and T cells • T cells can bind to infected cells and kill them.

  16. Blood Plasma • Plasma is the clear, liquid portion of blood • Mostly (90%) water • Transports materials throughout the body that cannot be stored in blood cells • Amino acids • Proteins • Carbohydrates • Lipids • Vitamins • Cellular waste

  17. Blood Type • Blood cells have proteins on their surface called antigens • A antigen and B antigen • Immune system will recognize and destroy blood cells that are different from what your body makes

  18. Blood Type • Rhesus factor • Another major blood antigen • Present (+) or absent (-)

  19. Extension question I get an A+ on every blood test! • My blood type is A+ • Which blood antigens do I have? • Which blood antigens am I missing? • What about you?

  20. Classroom question • What is your blood type? • What blood antigens (A, B, Rh) do you have? • What blood antigens do you not have?

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