Teaching vocabulary

1. Teaching vocabulary • Selecting Words • Ranking Words • Teaching Words

2. Teaching vocabulary/ Techniques • Step one: The teacher explains a new word, going beyond reciting its definition (tap into prior knowledge of students, use imagery). • Step two: Students restate or explain the new word in their own words (verbally and/or in writing). • Step three: Ask students to create a non-linguistic representation of the word (a picture, or symbolic representation). • Step four: Students engage in activities to deepen their knowledge of the new word (compare words, classify terms, write their own analogies and metaphors). • Step five: Students discuss the new word (pair-share, elbow partners). • Step six: Students periodically play games to review new vocabulary (Pyramid, Jeopardy, Telephone). Ps: Marzano's six steps do something revolutionary to vocabulary learning: They make it fun. Students think about, talk about, apply, and play with new words. (if you read this, stand up and say “ I’m sexy”. You have 10 seconds to win 5 points for your line)

3. Step 1: Teacher Explains The new word

4. 1. Quickly give the meaning by: • (a) using an L1 translation, • (b) using a known L2 synonym or a simple definition in the L2, • (c) showing an object or picture, • (d) giving quick demonstration, • (e) drawing a simple picture or diagram, • (f) breaking the word into parts and giving the meaning of the parts and the whole word (the word part strategy), • (g) giving several example sentences with the word in context to show the meaning, • (h) commenting on the underlying meaning of the word and other • referents.

5. 2 Draw attention to the form of the word by • (a) showing how the spelling of the word is like the spelling of known words. • (b) giving the stress pattern of the word and its pronunciation, • (c) showing the prefix, stem and suffix that make up the word, • (d) getting the learners to repeat the pronunciation of the word, • (e) writing the word on the board, • (f) pointing out any spelling irregularity in the word.

6. 3 Draw attention to the use of the word by • (a) quickly showing the grammatical pattern the word fits into (countable/uncountable, transitive/intransitive, etc), • (b) giving a few similar collocates. • (c) mentioning any restrictions on the use of the word (Formal, Informal) • colloquial, impolite, only used in the United States, only used with children, old fashioned, technical, infrequent), • (d) giving a well known opposite, or a well known word describing the group or lexical set it fits into.

7. Teaching Grammar 2

8. Two Methods for Teaching grammar • Inductive • Deductive

9. Inductive Method • Inductively: examples, guide the ss. to formulate rules, ss. notice, ss. drill. (student centered) Procedure: Exemplify – guide to the rule - drill My car wasstolen yesterday The picture wasstolen from the Louvre • The boy broke the window • ______________________ Object +Was /were + verb participle + complement

10. Deductively: rule, drills, teacher centered Procedure: Rule- examples- drill Ex: The window was broken The shoes were stolen Drill: The boy broke the window__________________ The girl stole the shoes____________________ Object + was/were+ verb participle