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The useful transition metal ─

The useful transition metal ─. Iron. Basic Information. Chemical Symbol :Fe atomic number 26 The fourth most common element in the earth crust Oxidation states varies from -2 to +6 +2(green) and +3(Yellow) are the most common Density (near r.t.) : 7.874 g·cm−3 Melting point : 1538 °C 

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The useful transition metal ─

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  1. The useful transition metal ─ Iron

  2. Basic Information • Chemical Symbol :Fe • atomic number 26 • The fourth most common element in the earth crust • Oxidation states varies from -2 to +6 +2(green) and +3(Yellow) are the most common • Density (near r.t.) : 7.874 g·cm−3 • Melting point :1538 °C  • Boiling point : 2862 °C

  3. Compound of iron • Iron forms compound mainly in +2 or +3 oxidation states Iron(III) compound called ferric and Iron(II) compound called ferrous e.g Fe(II) Sulphate or Fe(III)Sulphate • Iron(IV) is a common intermediate in many in biochemical oxidation reactions • Iron compound with +6 oxidation states Potassium Ferrate (K2FeO4) • The iron compounds produced on the largest scale in industry are iron(II) sulfate (FeSO4·7H2O) and iron(III) chloride (FeCl3). Iron(II) compounds tend to be oxidized to iron(III) compounds in the air. • Iron reacts with oxygen in the air to form various oxide and hydroxide compounds; the most common are iron(II,III) oxide (Fe3O4), and iron(III) oxide (Fe2O3).

  4. Extraction of Iron • Heating metal ore with carbon(carbon reduction) • At high temperature, carbon can react with iron(III) oxide in haematite. In the process, carbon removes the oxygen from iron(III) oxide to form iron • Iron(II,III) oxides +carbon monoxide →iron+ carbon dioxide

  5. Industrial Use • the most widely used metal in the world, in proportion 95% of metal production • Low Cost, High Strength. Important in construction and industrial use • Steel • Iron with a certain proportion of carbon produce through smelting process, this is to strengthened and hardened the pure iron, steel is 1000 times harder than pure iron. • Steel, low carbon iron alloys and alloy steel are commonly used in industry • Iron(II,III) oxide (Fe3O4), and iron(III) oxide (Fe2O3) are used in the production of ferrites, useful magnetic storage media in computers, and pigments. • Iron is used for protection from ionizing radiation. Although it is lighter than another traditional protection material, lead, it is much stronger mechanically. • Stainless steel

  6. Biological use • ranging from the evolutionarily primitive archaea to humans • ecessary trace element found in nearly all living organisms • Iron-containing enzymes and proteins, often containing heme prosthetic groups • mediate redox reactions, and of oxygen carrier proteins such as hemoglobin, myoglobinand leghemoglobin

  7. Disadvantage of iron • suffer badly from rust if not protected in some way • Painting, galvanization, passivation, plastic coating and bluing are all used to protect iron from rust

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