1 / 47

Islam

Re-cap yesterday’s mosque debate What was the debate about? What were the two sides of the debate? What is Islam?. Islam. Emergence of Islam Teachings of Islam Achievements in the Muslim World. The Muslim World. Arabian Peninsula (Southwestern Asia)

dana
Download Presentation

Islam

An Image/Link below is provided (as is) to download presentation Download Policy: Content on the Website is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use and may not be sold / licensed / shared on other websites without getting consent from its author. Content is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use only. Download presentation by click this link. While downloading, if for some reason you are not able to download a presentation, the publisher may have deleted the file from their server. During download, if you can't get a presentation, the file might be deleted by the publisher.

E N D

Presentation Transcript

  1. Re-cap yesterday’s mosque debate • What was the debate about? • What were the two sides of the debate? • What is Islam? Islam

  2. Emergence of Islam Teachings of Islam Achievements in the Muslim World The Muslim World

  3. Arabian Peninsula (Southwestern Asia) Today this area is known as Saudi Arabia Emergence of Islam: Geography

  4. What do you see? Sandstorms Mostly desert People settle mostly at or near an oasis Emergence of Islam: Geography

  5. Muhammad • Born in 570 B.C.E. in Mecca (site of Hajj today) • At about 40 years old, begins to experience visions • Becomes the prophet of Islam Message: • “Recite!” “One True God” Allah EMERGENCE OF ISLAM: Muhammad

  6. Not everyone listened to Muhammad • Mecca at this time was a commercial center • Merchants live off of people coming to pray to the traditional gods and idols • Why do you think merchants would have a problem with Muhammad’s teachings? • Faced with threats of murder, Muhammad and followers leave Mecca for Yathrib • This journey is known as the hijra Emergence of Islam: hijra

  7. Arabian Peninsula at this time • Clan-based society • Worship Gods and idols • Monotheism • Very new to area • Threatened society Teachings of Islam: monotheism

  8. The Quran • Sacred word of God (through Muhammad) • In Arabic, it is the direct and un- changeable word of God • All followers learn Arabic • How do you think this has helped unite Muslims from different places? • Ethical teachings • Honesty, generosity, social justice • Complete guide to living a good life • Final authority on all matters Teachings of Islam: QURAN

  9. Monotheism was not new to everyone • Judaism and Christianity = the People of the Book Teachings of Islam: people of the book • Shared beliefs: • One God • Adam and Eve • Abraham • Word of God • Differences: • Torah and Bible only • partial revelation • God has no son • Muhammad taught tolerance • In general, People of the Book enjoy religious freedom

  10. Five pillars of Islam are the foundation of Muslim faith • Just as video showed, not all Muslims know all 5 1. Shahadah (The Testimony of Faith) • What is a testimony? What does it mean to testify in court? • “la ilahailla Allah, Muhammadunrasoolu Allah.” • These are the only words you have to say with conviction to become Muslim • There is no God besides Allah • None has the right to be worshipped besides him • God has no partner • God has no son Teachings: Five Pillars of Faith

  11. 2. Salah (Prayer) • Pray five times a day • As many as you can – some more, some less • This brings a direct link between the worshipper and Allah. 3. Zakat (Charity) • Give as much as you can • Give of yourself through good deeds Teachings: Five Pillars of Faith

  12. 4. Saum (Fasting) • During the month of Ramadan all Muslims fast from sunrise until sunset abstaining from food and drink 5. Hajj (Pilgrimage to Mecca) • Travel to Mecca at one time in your life if you can Teachings: five pillars of faith

  13. What do you see?

  14. Trade Art and Humanities Literature and Writing Mathematics Music Science and Medicine Achievement

  15. Trade was an integral part of the Muslim world • Merchants were honored • Muhammad was a merchant • Trade Spreads products and technology • Manufacturing • Artisans produce wealth of fine goods • Guess what?! Trade = Peace and Prosperity = Innovation Achievement: Trade

  16. Trade expands • Camel caravans “ships of the desert” • Travel the Silk Road Achievement: trade

  17. Many works of art are rich in history and beauty Interwoven with beautiful stories One Thousand Arabian Nights Late one night I was suddenly awakened by a rustling noise outside my window. Through a space in the blinds, I saw a large rectangular carpet hovering above the willow tree. I opened the window, and the carpet … What does this remind you of? Achievement: art

  18. Mosques Minarets Achievement: architecture

  19. Astronomy • Navigation • Pharmacology • Anatomy • Medical Practices Achievement: Science and medicine

  20. Arabic • Importance to faith • Poetry • Calligraphy • Largest library of time-Baghdad • Knowledge Achievement: Literature and writing

  21. Arabic Numerals Pioneered the study of algebra Geometry is vital to Muslim culture Achievement: MATH

  22. New instruments Dancing Important for prayer services Songs tell tales and religious teachings ACHIEVEMENT: MUSIC

  23. Museum Exhibit • Achievements in the Muslim World • Pick 1 category you are interested in • Sign up TODAY • Research tomorrow and Friday • DUE Tuesday, November 30th • Tuesday after Thanksgiving Break YOUR MISSION!

  24. Museum Exhibit • Requirements: • One artifact from the Muslim world • One paragraph describing the what, where, when, who, how and WHY • WHY question is most important (and is your reflection): • Why was your artifact important in history? • Why is your artifact important in our world today? • Museum Exhibit Day Wednesday, December 1 YOUR MISSION!

  25. Museum Exhibit • Achievements in the Muslim World • Pick 1 category you are interested in • Sign up TODAY • Research tomorrow and Friday • DUE Tuesday, November 30th • Tuesday after Thanksgiving Break YOUR MISSION!

  26. 5 minute warm-up quiz Questions and answers about the spread of Islam Sunni-Shi’a Divide Reminder: Museum Exhibits DUE TOMORROW Reminder: Exam and Study Guide THURSDAY Today

  27. Where was Muhammad born? a. Medina b. Oasis c. Mecca d. Yathrib 5 Minute warm-up quiz

  28. Which of the following is NOTa message that Muhammad preached to his followers? a. Treat each other well. b. You will be judged by God in the next life. c. There is only one God. d. The poor should be ignored. 5 Minute warm-up quiz

  29. All of the following are reasons that Muhammad was seen as a threat to the stability of society in Mecca EXCEPT: a. His message was embraced by the wealthy. b. His followers were those with little to lose: the poor, enslaved and women. c. His belief in one God threatened those who profited from the worship of idols. d. His teachings encouraged equality for all. 5 Minute warm-up quiz

  30. What happened after Muhammad? How did the Islamic empire spread? What were the impacts of the spread? What is the basis for the Sunni-Shiite divide? Islam: Questions and Answers

  31. What happened after Muhammad? Muhammad had united Arab tribes Many worried that Islam would disappear without him Islam after Muhammad

  32. What happened after Muhammad? • Abu Bakr • Early follower of Muhammad • Early convert to Islam • Becomes the first caliph • “If you worship Muhammad, Muhammad is dead. If you worship God, God is alive.” • Reunites Arab tribes based on allegiance to religion • Spread of Islam into the Islamic empire Islam after Muhammad

  33. How did the Islamic empire spread? Islam: empire

  34. How did the Islamic empire spread? ENTER MAP HERE Islam: empire

  35. How did the Islamic empire spread? ENTER MAP HERE Islam: empire

  36. How did the Islamic empire spread? • Spread happens very quickly…but WHY? • Some welcomed as liberators • Generally, non-Muslims allowed to practice own faith • Taxation on non-Muslims • Fighting methods • Common faith • Message of faith is attractive • Five Pillars • Language • Promise of paradise for falling in battle or jihad Islam: empire

  37. What were the impacts of the spread? • Political • Sharia Law • Division into Sunni, Shiite, Sufi • Social • Women – confirmed their spiritual equality • Veiling and seclusion – based on Persian and Byzantine traditions of upper-class women • Hijab and Niqab Impacts of the Islamic empire

  38. What were the impacts of the spread? • Economic • Trade • Baghdad’s splendor • AbbasidGolden Age • Religion • Adopted by many when Christianity is becoming very powerful • Jerusalem and Constantinople Impacts of the Islamic empire

  39. What is the basis for the Sunni-Shiite divide? • Muhammad dies without leaving a successor • Sunni beliefs: • Caliph should be chosen by Muslim leaders • Caliph is not a religious authority • Shi’a/Shiite beliefs: • Only true successors are descendents of Muhammad’s daughter and son-in-law Fatima and Ali • Divine inspiration of descendants Islam: The Sunni-Shiite Divide

  40. What does the divide mean today? • 80%-90% of Muslims are Sunni • Issues of minority and majority in the Middle East • Violence • Political unrest • Example: Iraq Islam: The Sunni-Shiite Divide

  41. ISLAM: THE SUNNI-SHIITE DIVIDE Is peace possible for these groups? What are their similarities and differences?

More Related