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The Museum of Capodimonte is situated on the Capodimonte hill of Naples overlooking the Bay of Naples. The building is surrounded by a beautiful park. It is part of the Galleria Nazionale of paintings as well as a museum, with palatial rooms to visit. It is one of the largest museum in Italy and one of the most under-rated in its class. Its collection covers works of the period between 13C to 20C, including older works from the Farnese ‘primitive’ paintings. Simone Martini, Raphael, Titan, Caravaggio, Masaccio, Lorenzo Lotto, Giovanni Bellini, Giorgio Vasari and many others famous names are included in its collection. <br>
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Museo di Capodimonte Released version, with minor changes Art Gallery of Naples All rights reserved. Rights belong to their respective owners. Available free for non-commercial and personal use. First created 20 Feb 2011. Version 2.0 - 3 Nov 2017. Jerry Daperro. London.
Kingdom of Sicily & Naples and the collection. Modern Italy comes into existence after its unification in 1861. After the fall of the Roman Empire, Italy was divided into smaller kingdoms and states. Prior to the unification the largest and wealthiest state was the Kingdom of the Two Sicilies, which was formed of a union of the Kingdom of Sicily and the Kingdom of Naples. The historical and artistic cores of the collection of the museum came from the royal family of the kingdom. In 1734, Charles III of Spain, who was also the King of Naples and Sicily inherited from his mother the Farnese Collection. The House of Farnese is an influential family in Renaissance Italy. Its most important members included Pope Paul III and Cardinal Alessandro Farnese.
History of Capodimonte The harbour of Naples with its impressive Castel Nuovo. The Museum of Capodimonte is situated on the Capodimonte hill of Naples overlooking the Bay of Naples. The building is surrounded by a beautiful park. Construction of the palace began in 1738, in the reign of king Charles of Bourbon. It was specially built to house the royal collection. The building work was entrusted to Giovanni Antionio Meedrano, a military engineer. The façade of the palace is austere in Doric style. The front façade is highlighted by a strong contrast between the strong fame work in grey ‘piperno’ (a kind of volcanic rock) and the typical deep red of Neapolitan plastered walls. A view of the Capodimonte Museum
Maestro of Campain c1290 In the 13C, Italy began to emerge from the Middle Ages to the Renaissance. It is during this period skilful master craftsmen became painters or artists. Their names were known. It is the birth of European paintings.
Simone Martini c1317 This is one of the oldest paintings (1317) in the gallery. Simone Martini was born in Siena and was a major painter in the development of early Italian painting.
Masaccio 1426 Masaccio (1401-1428) was the first great painter of the Quattrocento. He was the best painter of his generation because of his skill at recreating lifelike figures and movements.
Witz 1440 Renaissance did not begin only in Italy. It is an European phenomena. In the early 15C the Low Countries were very prosperous and art also flourished. This painting was painted only a few years after the Ghent Altarpiece by Jan van Eyck. It is surprising to find that the Capodimonti collection included several paintings from the Northern Renaissance.
Botticelli 1455-60 Botticelli (1445-1510) was a major Early Renaissance of the Florentine school. Much progress had been made when comparing portraits of the baby Jesus below with the painting of Masaccio earlier in the 15C.
Mantegna c1460 Andrea Mantegna (1431-1506) was a Renaissance painter of Northern Italy. He experimented with perspective. He took a sculptural approach to painting. The sitter was identified as the 16 year ago Cardinal Gonzaga.
Filippino Lippi 1490 Filippino Lippi was the illegitimate son of the painter Fra Filippo Lippi.
Albert Durer c1496 Durer (1471-1528) was a German painter, printmaker, mathematician, engraver and theorist from Nuremberg. His woodcut and engravings allow his works to reach a much larger audience.
Raphael c1520 Raphael (1483-1520) was an Italian painter of the High Renaissance. Together with Michelangelo and Leonardo da Vinci, he was one of the great masters of the period. He is particular well-known for his Madonna and Child painting.
Correggio 1520 Correggio (1489-1534) was an Italian Renaissance painter. He was responsible for some of the most vigorous and sensuous works of the 16C.
Sebastiano del Piombo c1530 Unusual colours. Sebastiano, a Venetian was the only major artist of High Renaissance to combine the colouring of the Venetian school in which he was trained with the monumental forms of the Roman school. He worked closely with Michelangelo and completed many of his paintings.
Parmigianino 1530-35 It is the best known portrait of Parmigianino. Antea was a lady of the court. The painting is also known as Parmigianino’s Innamorata (Lover). The young woman was dressed in fine clothing. This was painted at the height of Parmigianino’s career.
Titian 1543 Titian was the most important of the 16C Venetian school. He is one of the most successful painter ever lived. He painted some of the most powerful people of his time. Pope Paul III was a member of the House of Farnese, a powerful family in Renaissance Italy. The core collection of the museum once belong to his family.
Bedoli 1540-45 Released version, with minor changes GirolamMezzolaBedoli (c1500-1569) was an Italian painter from Parma. A fellow-contemporary of Parmigianino and completed some frescoes left by Parmigianino. It is an unusual subject to paint a portrait of a tailor. GirolamMezzolaBedoli also painting the entire ceiling of the Parma Duomo. It is his greatest work.
Venusti 1548-49 A copy of Michelangelo’s Last Judgment in the Sistine chapel by Venusti, before some of the nudity was covered up with loin cloth and drapery.
Parmigianino 1524-60 Parmigianino (1503-1540) was a prominent Italian Mannerist painter. His work is characterized by elongation of form.
Vasari 1543 Vasari is more well-known today as the author of the first book on arts and coined the work Renaissance. It was through his book that we learned about the lives of the early Italian painters.
Broecke 1550 Originally painted in 1535. Van den Broeck worked with Giorgio Vasari in Vatican, Rome.
Pieter Bruegel the Elder 1568 This is a detail of the painting on the last slide. Pieter Bruegel the Elder (1525-1569) was a Flemish Renaissance painter. He is well-known for his landscape series, the Seasons of the year. Another well-known painting from the Low Countries.
El Greco 1570 A rather unusual painting by the Spanish painter El Greco (1541-1614).
Giambologna 1579 Giambologna was Flemish. He was the most famous sculptor in Florence after the death of Michelangelo. His most famous sculpture is the ‘Rape of the Sabines’ in the Loggia de’ Lanzi in Florence. He did sculptures on the same theme.
Ludovico Carracci 1583 There were three Carracci, all Bolognese – Ludovico and his cousin Agostino and Annibale, who were brothers. With others they were the centre of the Bolognese School of paintings.
Annibale Carracci c1590 Annibale Carracci (1560-1609) was active in Bologna and later in Rome. He was a pupil of Ludovico Carracci and was by far the greatest artist of the three Carracci. He was the most active founders of a leading strand of the Baroque style.
Lanfranco c1605 The original painting came from the ceiling of on a room in the Farnese Palace. It has an impressive 17C view in the development of landscape painting.
Caravaggio 1607-10 The painting was painted by Caravaggio (1571-1610), one of the greatest painter of the Baroque age. It was completed in 1609-1610, about a year before Caravaggio’s death, age 39. Caravaggio died on his way to Naples.
Artemisia Gentileschi 1625-30 Artemisia Gentileschi (1593-1652), an Italian Early Baroque painter, was a follower of the Caravaggio’s style. She was the first female painter to become a member of the Accademia di Arte del Disegno in Florence. Caravaggio had a painting on the same subject but Gentileschi painting showed two women co-operated to kill Holofernes. There is a similar painting by the same artist at Uffizi Gallery.
Artemisia Gentileschi c1630 Artemisia (1597-1652/3) was the daughter of Orazio (1563-1639), who was a court painter to Charles I in England. One of Artemisia notable subject was Old Testament heroines.
Van Dyck 1627 Van Dyck was the favourite portrait painter of Charles I of England. He became Rubens’s chief assistant while still in his teens. He was successful and spent much of his time, painting the English aristocrats, with his double portrait paintings.
Forte c1640 Not much is known about Luca Forte (1600/15 ~1670). He was one of the earliest still-life specialists in Naples.
Tagliolini - Eaarly 18C The Royal Factory of Capodimonte date back to the early 18C. It is well-known for its white porcelain. The Bust of Maria Carolina, the sister of Maria Antoinette was produced by the Royal Factory of Capodimonte.
Volaire 1782 He was likely to be a student of the French painter Claude-Joseph Vernet.
Morelli 1873 Domenico Morelli (1823-1901) was an Italian painter, who did mostly historical and religious paintings. He was passionate often painted patriotic, Romantic and later Symbolist subjects.
Ginotti 1877 This statue was purchased by King Vittorio Emanuele II, who was the first king of modern Italy.
Gemito 1885 Vincenzo Gemito (1852-1929) was an Italian sculptor and artist. Gemito was born in Naples to a poor woodcutter’s family. His mother left him on the steps of the orphanage after his birth.
