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LIME SOFTENING & STABILIZATION

LIME SOFTENING & STABILIZATION. Murder Parties. Ralph Rottingrape. Marilyn Merlot. George W. Taliban. Pen Ta Gon Advisor to the Emperor. Queen Illicibeth; Gridlock, the Merchant of Tennis. Description of water. Hardness expressed as mg/L of CaCO 3. Soft. less than 50. Moderately soft.

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LIME SOFTENING & STABILIZATION

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  1. LIME SOFTENING & STABILIZATION

  2. Murder Parties Ralph Rottingrape Marilyn Merlot George W. Taliban

  3. Pen Ta Gon Advisor to the Emperor Queen Illicibeth; Gridlock, the Merchant of Tennis

  4. Description of water Hardness expressed as mg/L of CaCO3 Soft less than 50 Moderately soft 50–75 Slightly hard 75–150 Hard 150–300 Very hard greater than 300 Classifying Water Hardness

  5. What is “lime”? • Limestone, mainly calcium carbonate, CaCO3 • Quicklime, calcium oxide, CaO • Slaked lime, calcium hydroxide, Ca(OH)2

  6. Limestone mining, preparation and use

  7. Limestone Mining, cont’d

  8. Limestone Mining, cont’d

  9. Limestone Handling and Shipping

  10. Lime Conversions • Limestone can be converted to quick lime: CaCO3 CaO + CO2 (1800F) • Quick lime is slaked with water: CaO + H2O  Ca(OH)2 • Slaked lime slowly reacts with CO2 in air: …Ca(OH)2 + CO2  CaCO3 + H2O • Dissolved lime (hardness) can precipitate: Ca(HCO3)2  CaCO3 + H2O + CO2

  11. Lime Kilns

  12. Calcination of Limestone CaCO3  CaO + CO2

  13. Hydration: slaking with water Water reacts with the quicklime to form hydrated lime: CaO + H2O  Ca(OH)2

  14. The removal of divalent metal ions Precipitation/settling or IX resins

  15. Typical lime softening process… Ca(OH)2 Lime    Lime sludge …presented as a complete drinking water treatment process

  16. LIME SLAKING …and DOSING

  17. Precipitation occurs in a settling tank

  18. LAGOON DEWATERING

  19. Why are we concerned about corrosion?

  20. Stability Relationship • The basic Relationship in Stabilization Has been simplified by Powell, Bacon and Lill to pHs = p(Ca2+) + p(Alk) + C

  21. Powell, Bacon and Lill Diagram Langelier index mg/L

  22. Modified Caldwell Lawrence Diagram

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