PS ERC EC Meeting

1. PSERCEC Meeting Systems Stem New Research Initiatives

2. New Approach To Generating Research Ideas • Rather than generating Ideas for Summer Retreat in the May IAB meeting, I took an approach to proactively solicit research ideas at the December IAB. • Before the IAB meeting in Phoenix, sent out message to industry members of the System Stem and asked for volunteers to present specific research ideas at the meeting. • On 12/10/2003 – WED Evening of the IAB meeting in Phoenix had a Systems Stem Meeting where these presentations were made. • This material was further revised following the IAB meeting in Pittsburgh where a detailed discussion was held to assign priorities and refine some of the ideas suggested.

3. New Topics Identified • Decentralized Analysis and Intelligence • Use substation automation to conduct several critical computations locally. • Topology processing • Alarm processing • Historical database for contingency analysis • Improved SCADA in terms of data scanning and periodicity • Differentiating between topology and measurement errors – Use PMU measurements to remove measurement errors

4. New Topics Identified • State Estimator vulnerability during major outages. • Enhanced SE data presentation and visualization. • Standardization of SE function. • Wide area measurements using IEDS. • Improved restoration. • Distributed SE.

5. New Topics Identified • Control Center using of phasor angle measurements. • At present they are not very operator friendly. • CAL ISO would help other PSERC members get started in this area because they have lot of experience. • Need to augment SE with phasor measurements • Reprocessing of PMU angle differences – Tagging to reference • How do we guide companies to install PMUs

6. Reference on PMU Installation • Eastern PMU Project • Offline • Online • Implementation • Business • Standards • Check this web site http://phasors.pnl.gov/

7. New Topics Identified:PMU Study • Uses of PMU data on-line • Uses of PMU data off-line. PSS/E doesn’t come with a procedure describing how to use the data. • How to manage the data? Security? Real-time availability? • Use of PMU measurements for control - Feasibility • Uses may be Markets or Systems-related • Performance standards, hardware needs

8. New Topics Identified • Special Protection schemes and Remedial action schemes need to be examined for large regional areas. • Techniques for coordinated operation between large interconnections should be developed. • Remedial schemes should examine use of system wide signals • In order to account for uncertainty risk based operation should be analyzed

9. New Topics Identified • Transmission Grid Impact of Wind Generators • Appropriate Models • Appropriate level of penetration to provide compensation • Appropriate level of penetration at which control and operation will become a problem • Reactive Power Issues • Scheduling and other operational issues • Interaction of Wind and Biomass and low head hydro • Analysis tools with hundreds of generators – examine dynamic behavior and flicker

10. New Topics Identified:Load Characteristic Modeling • Better load models are needed for power system analysis, particularly post-disturbance models (voltage, power outage, etc.). Current transient models are very inaccurate. • Need to understand motor load characteristics, including newer motor designs. This could involve lab analyses. • Is it possible to create models from a system perspective based on observed load responses to disturbances? • Switching power supplies need to be modeled • Statistical model for loads • Monitoring load data in substations

11. New Topics Identified: Reactive Power Planning, Long term Planning • Need to develop reactive power planning capability in real time • Long term planning and operating standards for bulk system – What should be reasonable standards.