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Chapter 6

Chapter 6. Communication Skills: Medium for All Nursing Practice. Communication. Therapeutic Communication -Essential in all settings of nursing care Communication Process -Process of receiving and sending messages -Stimulus: one person has need to communicate with another

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Chapter 6

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  1. Chapter 6 Communication Skills: Medium for All Nursing Practice

  2. Communication • Therapeutic Communication -Essential in all settings of nursing care • Communication Process -Process of receiving and sending messages -Stimulus: one person has need to communicate with another -Sender: person sending message initiates contact -Message: information expressed or sent -Media: how message is sent-hearing, visual, tactile, smell or combination -Receiver: person receiving the message, interprets and responds to sender by providing feedback

  3. Nurse-patient interview • Peplau principles guiding communication process -Clarity: ensures the meaning of message is accurately understood by both parties -Continuity: promotes connections among ideas and feelings, events, or themes conveyed in those ideas • Factors that affect communication -Personal factors -Environmental factors -Relationship factors

  4. Levels of communications • 2 Levels -Verbal Communication • Consists of words a person speaks • Conveys beliefs, values, perceptions, meanings • Words are culturally perceived -Nonverbal Communication • Cues (physical appearance, facial expression, body posture, amt eye contact, eye cast, hand gestures, signs, fidgets and yawning • Communication is 10% verbal and 90% nonverbal

  5. Communication process • Content congruent with process is healthy • When verbal message is not reinforced by communicators actions , message is ambiguous, or double (mixed) message • Double-bind message -Message sent to create meaning but also used to defensively to hide what is going on , create confusion and attack relatedness

  6. Effective communication for nurses • Goals -Feel understood and comfortable -Identify and explore problems relating to others -Healthy ways of meeting emotional needs -Experience satisfying interpersonal relationships • Tools to communicate with pts -Silence -Active Listening -Clarifying Techniques

  7. Nontherapeutic techniques • Asking excessive questions -Closed ended questions -Lack of respect and sensitivity • Giving approval or disapproval • Advising -Rarely helpful • Asking “why” questions -Imply criticism

  8. Communication and cultures • Goal -To formulate a therapeutic alliance • Problematic areas for nurse interpretation of verbal and nonverbal messages of pt -Communication Styles -Eye Contact -Touch -Cultural Filters

  9. Effective communication • Effective Communication -Nurses knowing what to convey, communicating what is meant to pt and comprehending the meaning -Most effective when they use nonthreatening and open-ended communication techniques -Skill that develops over time and integral to establishment and maintenance of a therapeutic alliance

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