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6 th Japan-SAARC Energy Symposium 6 th and 7 th March 2013 The Soaltee Crowne Plaza Hotel, Kathmandu, Nepal. POWER MARKET IN SAARC: IN BANGLADESH PERSPECTIVES. Dr. Aminul Hoque

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  1. 6th Japan-SAARC Energy Symposium 6th and 7th March 2013 The Soaltee Crowne Plaza Hotel, Kathmandu, Nepal. POWER MARKET IN SAARC: IN BANGLADESH PERSPECTIVES Dr. Aminul Hoque Professor, Department of Electrical and Electronics Engineering Bangladesh University of Engineering & Technology (BUET) Dhaka-1000, Bangladesh. Email: aminulhoque@eee.buet.ac.bd Organised by: The Nepal Electricity Authority (NEA), and ADB, Funded by The Ministry of Foreign Affairrs of Japan

  2. WELCOME TO POWER MARKET IN SAARC

  3. POWER MARKET IN SAARC: IN BANGLADESH PERSPECTIVES Dr. Aminul Hoque Professor, Department of Electrical and Electronics Engineering (EEE), Bangladesh University of Engineering & Technology (BUET) Dhaka-1000, Bangladesh. Email: aminulhoque@eee.buet.ac.bd Organized by: The Nepal Electricity Authority(NEA), and ADB, Funded by The Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Japan

  4. Energy and economicdevelopment are interlinked and the quality of life achieved in a community or a country can be assessed from the amount of energy (per capita) it consumes. This approach is more appropriate for societies where the production and distribution of energy are secured and widely spread. Power Market in SAARC member countries deals with the integration of the (possible excess) generating power stations, development of transmission, distribution and load management up to consumers’ points. It also needs to upgradation of power generation/distribution and long distance transmission grids in order to reduce the losses, as well as, open upnew power markets/trades for all possible power productions.

  5. Though the integrated regional power grid is a very complex system, but some of the benefits of such a modernized integrated power market electricity network are : • ability to reduce load shedding/blackout at the consumer side during peak hours, namely demand side management; • to enablegrid connection of distributed generation power with all possible alternative power sources; • to incorporate grid energy storage for distributed generation load balancing; • to eliminate failures, such as, widespread power grid cascading failures, and • to increase efficiency and reliability of the integrated power systems among SAARC member countries [2,3,4].

  6. As per election manifesto of the present GoB, electricity generation would be increased from 4000 MW to 7000 MW by the year 2013 (already increased to 8525 MW, by December 2012), 8000 MW by 2015 and 20,000 MW by 2021. • At present only 60% of the people have direct access to electricity. Per capita generation is 292 kWh, • Every year the demand is increasing at a rate of 12%. • The government’s vision: To build ‘Digital Bangladesh’ Electricity for all by 2021.

  7. In the paper I have discussed on Bangladesh (BD) Power System: Present and Future Projections Long Term Generation Plan (2010-2013) Challenges of Power Sector Development. Cost Structure of Electricity, Tariff and Budgetary Support. Road Map for Coal Power Development (as of 2030). Nuclear Power Plant: Inter Government Agreement. Power Market in SAARC Member Countries. Challenges of Regional Integrated Power System. Goals of Integrated Power System. Regional Power Exchange: Possibilities. Electricity Tariff(Res.& Agr.) in Neighboring Countries.

  8. Components of a Energy System : The Most Essential Components are shown as Figure : Components of a “Modern Energy System”

  9. Bangladesh Power System : Present and Future Projection Background BPDB has started its journey with the generation capacity of 200 MW on May 1, 1972, presently which has reached to 8525 MW. BPDB has been unbundled into transmission and a part of distribution. The transmission function has been vested upon Power Grid Company of Bangladesh (PGCB)while the distribution has been segregated into a number of entities, such as, Dhaka Power Distribution Company Limited (DPDC), Dhaka Electric Supply Company Limited (DESCO), West Zone Power Distribution Company Limited (WZPDC), Palli Biddyut Samiti (PBS)and BPDB itself. Bangladesh’s Ministry of Power, Energy and Mineral Resources (MPEMR) has overall responsibility for the country’s energy sector, as shown in Figure 9.

  10. Power Cell Generation RPCL (REB) BPDB IPP EGCB NWPGCL APSCL PGCB Transmission Distribution BPDB DPDC DESCO REB PBS WZPDCL NWZPDCL SZPDCL Power Division (Ministry of Power, Energy & Mineral Resources) Figure 10 : Current Structure of Bangladesh Power Sector

  11. Power Sector at a Glance

  12. Bangladesh Power System Perspectives Present Infrastructure • Communication • PGCB owns an optical fiber backbone network covering BPDB • and major IPP owned power stations and all 230kV/132 kV/33 kV • and 132kV/33 KV grid substations. • Last mile fiber connectivity is offered by a number of BTRC • approved private link providers. • Mobile phone operators have wireless connectivityall over the • country. • Metering • Meters with AM/RM (automatic/remote metering) facilities have • already been installed for a significant number of bulk • consumers at 11 kV and 400 volts level. • Prepayment meters are installed at selected areas for single • phase consumers.

  13. Distributed generation • Very small sized (<100 W) PV panels are used in • stand-alone mode at the off-grid sites. • PV systems with roof top kW sized PV modules in • urban sites near the grid are being installed. • Directed the new urban consumers to install 3% of the • connected load demand by their own PV panels to • get grid utility supply connection. • Captive generationplants with a total of about 800 • MW are operated by some industries near the grid.

  14. Limitations Despite all the glorious benefits, the present power system also has some drawbacks. Some of the critical drawbacks are listed below- • Large gap between dependable generationcapacity and demand • mainly due to inadequate supplyof indigenous primary fuel and • ageing generation units. • Poor affordability of consumersto electricalappliances • Cost reflective and real time pricing of electricity is difficult to • be implemented for the majority consumers due to various reasons. • Load shedding (blackout) possible only by switching off the • feeders from the utility side. • Lack of affordable and maintainable technologyand significant • quantity of surplus powerfrom captive and urban site PV systems • (with rooftop PV modules) for injection at the grid (132 or 230 kV) • buses.

  15. Long Term Generation Plan (2010-2030) * Government has prepared a Power System Master Plan 2010 (PSMP 2010). * According to the PSMP-2010, the maximum demand in 2015, 2021 and 2030 will be 10,000, 19,000 and 34,000 MW respectively. * To meet the demand with reliability, installed capacity needs to be increased to 24,000 MW and 39,000 MW by the year 2021 & 2030 respectively. * Generation capacity from different primary fuel in the year 2030 would be: • Domestic and imported coal based ST:19,650 MW • Nuclear power:4,000 MW • Gas and LNG:8,850 MW • Regional Grid:3,500 MW • Liquid fuel, Hydro, Renewable: 2,700 MW • Cross Boarder Trade with Neighboring countries.

  16. Source: Bangladesh Power Development Board, Generation Cost & Power Purchase Cost For the Year 2011-12 (Actual)

  17. ENERGY RATE (BERC)

  18. Source: Bangladesh Energy Regulatory Commission, GoB, (Valid from 1st Sept., 2012)

  19. Power Market iNsaarc member Countries For Power Market analysis, the following information are necessary: Generation capacityat different Power Stations of each member country. Type of Power Generation/Fuel use to generate power Per-unit costof power generation Per-unit rate of electrical energy Possible amount of power/energy import/export among member countries Possibility of joint venture Power Generation. e.g. Nepal-India Electricity Transmission and Trade Project

  20. Construction of transmission line among member countries. e.g. Grid International between Bangladesh (Bheramara) and India (Bhaharampur) Project (33 km transmission line + 2 substations) to import 500 MW. • Development of distribution system. • Fixation of per unit of cost of power. • Determine the legal matters, relate to generate, to transmit and to distribute power among SAARC member countries

  21. Major Sources of Electrical Power are: • (i)Fossil fuel (coal, oil and gas), (ii)Nuclear fuel, (iii)Hydro power • Unconventional (Renewable) Sources of Energy • (i)Wind, (ii)Solar, (iii)Waves, (iv)Tides, (v)Biomass, (vi)Ocean current, (vii)Geothermal, (viii)Minihydro etc. • Basic Concept of Cost Analysis • Capacity cost • Production cost • Operating and maintenance cost • Global Cost Analysis • Service life of a generating unit • Interest rate • Depreciation and • The salvage value of the generating unit

  22. Challenges of a Regional Integrated Power System • Enable all powerproduction and distribution systems • Development of effective communication system to millions of • partiesin a single market. • If possible extension of the system to SAARC countries and beyond. • Introduction of intelligent generation and consumption system. • Enabling all consumers to play an active role in the system operation. • Exploitation of renewable energy sources e.g. Hydro/Minihydro, Biomass, Waves etc. • Development of efficientconnections for remotepowergeneration • centers.

  23. Fast and reliableload management. • Properenergy distribution during peak and off-peak hrs to improveoverallefficiency of the system. • Effective operation of a modernized grid community. • Development of efficient electrical appliances to cope with the modern integrated power system. For Bangladesh proper application of an effective and integrated power system and participation of neighboring South Asian countries can open new doors towards glory.

  24. Figure : An Integrated Grid Community

  25. Figure: Integrated Grid Technology

  26. Integrated Grid Technology Areas

  27. Figure : An integrated Grid System

  28. Goals of the Integrated Power System : Purposes are to :

  29. Figure: An Integrated Grid Community

  30. Integrated Grid Technologies

  31. Integrated Grid Technologies (Cont’d)

  32. An Effective Integrated Power System Model Figure : Fields of an “Integrated Power System”

  33. Figure : IEEE Version of The Modern Power Grid

  34. Conclusion • Nepal has hydro power generation capacity of about 80,000 MW. At present under Nepal-India Electricity Transmission and Trade Project only about 2,000 MW has been producing. • Similarly, Bhutan has hydro power generation capacity of about 40,000 MW and at present under, Bhutan-India Project has been producing only about 1,000 MW. • In future under joint venture program, 20,000 to 30,000 MW Power may be produced from hydro source of Nepal for Power Market in SAARC member countries and neighboring countries(e.g. Iran,Myanmar).

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