1 / 6

Measures of Hyperglycemia

Measures of Hyperglycemia. Random plasma glucose (RPG)— without regard to time of last meal Fasting plasma glucose (FPG)— before breakfast Oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT)— 2 hours after a 75-g oral glucose drink Postprandial plasma glucose (PPG)— 2 hours after a meal

denniskim
Download Presentation

Measures of Hyperglycemia

An Image/Link below is provided (as is) to download presentation Download Policy: Content on the Website is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use and may not be sold / licensed / shared on other websites without getting consent from its author. Content is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use only. Download presentation by click this link. While downloading, if for some reason you are not able to download a presentation, the publisher may have deleted the file from their server. During download, if you can't get a presentation, the file might be deleted by the publisher.

E N D

Presentation Transcript

  1. Measures of Hyperglycemia • Random plasma glucose (RPG)—without regard to time of last meal • Fasting plasma glucose (FPG)—before breakfast • Oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT)—2 hours after a 75-g oral glucose drink • Postprandial plasma glucose (PPG)—2 hours after a meal • Hemoglobin A1c (A1C)—reflects mean glucose over 2–3 months • Fructosamine/glycated serum protein—reflects mean glucose over 1–2 weeks 5

  2. A1C Reflects Both Fasting and Postprandial Hyperglycemia Plasma glucose (mg/dL) 300 Postprandial hyperglycemia 200 Fasting hyperglycemia 100 Normal 0 0600 1200 1800 2400 0600 Time of day Riddle MC. Diabetes Care. 1990;13:676-686 6

  3. Rationale for Diagnostic CriteriaGlycemic Thresholds for Retinopathy Values in Deciles for US Adults Not Known to Have Diabetes NHANES III Prevalence of retinopathy (%) 15 FPG 2-hour postprandial glucose (2-h PPG) A1C 10 5 0 <42 <96 <109 120 <34 <102 <154 195 <3.3 <5.4 <5.9 6.2 FPG (mg/dL) 2-h PPG (mg/dL) A1C (%) 7 American Diabetes Association. Diabetes Care. 2003;26(suppl 1):S5-S20

  4. Glucose Tolerance Categories FPG 2-h PPG (OGTT) Plasma glucose (mg/dL) 240 Diabetes Mellitus 220 200 Diabetes Mellitus 180 IGT 160 140 126 120 IFG Normal 100 Normal 80 60 American Diabetes Association. Diabetes Care. 2004;27(suppl 1):S5-S10 8

  5. IFG and IGTIntermediate Between Normal and Diabetes Impaired Glucose Tolerance (IGT) • 2-h PG on OGTT 140 but 200 mg/dL • Predicts increased risk of diabetes and cardiovascular disease Impaired Fasting Glucose (IFG) • FPG 100 but 126 mg/dL • Predicts increased risk of diabetes and micro- and macrovascular complications 9

  6. Prevalence of Glycemic Abnormalities in the United States US Population: 275 Million in 2000 Undiagnosed diabetes 5.9 million Diagnosed type 1 diabetes ~1.0 million Additional 24.6 million with IGT Diagnosed type 2 diabetes 10 million Centers for Disease Control. Available at: http://www.cdc.gov/diabetes/pubs/estimates.htm; Harris MI. In: National Diabetes Data Group. Diabetes in America. 2nd ed. Bethesda, Md: NIDDK; 1995:15-36; U.S. Census Bureau Statistical Abstract of the U.S.; 2001 10

More Related