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Medieval England and France

Medieval England and France. SOL WH1. England. Formerly part of the Roman Empire Settled by many groups of people, including Angles and Saxons Small, isolated island nation Gradually becomes Christian. Medieval Europe. Crisis Over the Crown.

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Medieval England and France

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  1. Medieval England and France SOL WH1.

  2. England • Formerly part of the Roman Empire • Settled by many groups of people, including Angles and Saxons • Small, isolated island nation • Gradually becomes Christian

  3. Medieval Europe

  4. Crisis Over the Crown • 1066 C.E.—King Edward the Confessor died childless • Conflict over who was to be King of England

  5. Harold Godwinson • Earl of Wessex • Most powerful noble in England • Elected by the nobility and crowned King of England

  6. Harold Hardrada • Viking warrior • King of Norway • Claimed Edward’s predecessor had promised him the crown

  7. William the Conqueror • Duke of Normandy (area of northern France) • Claimed he was promised the crown of England by Edward the Confessor • Invaded England in 1066 C.E.

  8. The Norman Invasion • Battle between Harold Hardrada and Harold Godwinson at York—Godwinson wins! • Battle of Hastings—William the Conqueror defeats Harold Godwinson and becomes King • Blending of French and Anglo-Saxon cultures and language

  9. Reforming the Nation • William the Conqueror • Made every subject swear their loyalty to him • Creates an effective system of taxation • Henry II • Common law—legal system based on custom and court rulings • Trial by jury

  10. Magna Carta • King John of England abused his power and levied heavy taxes = rebellion! • 1215 C.E.—King John signed the Magna Carta (Great Charter) • Established the Great Council (Parliament), which made all decisions regarding money and taxes • Limited royal power

  11. France • Founded by the Franks—a tribe of farmers and herders from western Europe • Elected kings • Clovis, King of the Franks conquered Gaul in 486 C.E. • Converted to Christianity

  12. Age of Charlemagne • Conquered much of the old western Roman Empire • Named “Holy Roman Emperor” by the Pope • The Church becomes a powerful political force

  13. The Carolingian Renaissance • Renaissance = rebirth • Under Charlemagne, a new age of learning and education emerged • Brought scholars from across Europe to the Palace School at Aachen • Literature, art, architecture, and the liberal arts flourished

  14. Division of France

  15. France • Charlemagne’s son Louis reunited France • 987 C.E. – Hugh Capet is elected King of France • Slowly increased territory and royal power

  16. The Hundred Year’s War • 1337-1453 C.E. (116 years) • Edward III of England claimed the French crown • Mother had been a French princess • Fought for control of the English Channel

  17. Joan of Arc • 17 year-old French peasant who believed God had sent her to save France • Led the French army in battle • Served as an inspiration to French troops • Captured and burned to death by the English

  18. An End to War France England The longbow was an efficient weapon early in the war Power shifted toward Parliament Lost all land in France except Calais • Used cannons to defeat the English • The death of Joan of Arc rallied the French army • Increased nationalism (pride in one’s country) • Increased power of the king

  19. Pictures - England • Medieval England • http://www.lib.utexas.edu/maps/historical/shepherd/britain_settlement_600_1923.jpg • Edward the Confessor Stained Glass • http://www.earlybritishkingdoms.com/adversaries/bios/images/edward_confessor.jpg • Harold Godwnison Being Crowned • http://heraldictimes.files.wordpress.com/2009/02/image-4.jpg • Harold Hardrada • http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/0/03/Harold_bayeux_tapestry.png • William the Conqueror • http://www.essentially-england.com/images/william_1_from_bayeux_tapestry.jpg • English Flag • http://littlelakeview.files.wordpress.com/2009/02/english-flag.gif

  20. Pictures - France • Clovis: http://www.templaricavalieri.it/images/merovingi_clovis_I_di_francois_louis_dejuinne_museo_nazionale_del_castello_e_di_trianons_versailles.gif • Charlemagne: http://www.mtholyoke.edu/courses/nvaget/230/imagespre-MA/charlemagne.jpg • Carolingian France Map: http://www.historiasiglo20.org/MEC-BC/images/charlemagne1.jpg • Post-Charlemagne France: http://www.uoregon.edu/~kimball/images/0814.Charlemagne-CWA.152.jpg • French Flag: http://www.clockworksky.net/cliveless_world/france_flag.png • Hundred Years’ War Cartoon: http://www.wordinfo.info/words/images/Eng-hist-20B-100-yrs-war.gif • Hundred Years War Painting: http://www.tustin.k12.ca.us/cyberseminar/soc/seven/hundredyearswar.jpg • Joan of Arc Statue, New Orleans: Personal Photograph

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