Dr. Azza MORSSY Tel : 43 1 26026 3841 Fax: 43 1 26026 6819 – Email:amorssy@unido.org

1. Cleaner Production programme and Environment Dr. Azza MORSSY Tel : 43 1 26026 3841 Fax: 43 1 26026 6819 – Email:amorssy@unido.org

2. This presentation • UNIDO priorities - engaging industry in sustainability /Sustainable consumption & production • Cleaner Production examples • Synergies of inter-Agency cooperation WHO EMRO – UNIDO

3. UNIDO’s HOLISTIC AND SECTORAL CP APPROACH Enhancing industrial competitiveness and environmental compliance Cleaner Production is a Preventive Integrated Environmental Strategy Applied to the Entire Production and Service Cycle At sectoral level At company level • Products: • Reduction of waste through better design • Use of waste for new products • Processes: • Conservation of raw material, energy, water • Reduction of emissions at source • Evaluation of technology options • Reduction of costs and risks • Services: • Efficient environmental management in design and delivery • Impact: • Improved efficiency • Better environmental performance • Increased competitive advantage What is Cleaner Production?

4. I N C R E A S E D A D D E D V A L U E The response of the CP-Programme to UNIDO’s Corporate Strategy& the UN Millennium Development Goals 1. International Business Cooperation and Investments in ESTs IPT / ITPOs s t r e n g t h e n i n g AGR 2. Sectoral Focus i n c r e a s i n g 3. Public Privat Partnerships SME e s t a b l i s h i n g CP-Programmes contribute to i m p r o v i n g IEE 4. Energy-Efficiency p r o m o t i n g IPT + PEM 5. Quality and Environnemental Standards s u p p o r t i n g 6. Implementation of Multilateral Environnemental Agreements IEE + PEM

5. Sustainable Development: A balance between: • Environmental protection • Economic growth & employment creation Reducing the environmental impact of industry (without impinging on its abilities to drive development) • Preventing the generation & emission of waste “Elimination & reduction in production & use” • Re-using & recycling materials • ‘Safe’ Disposal

6. Time frame of CP and EST transfer at plant level Loan application and procurement EST analysis Implementation of good management practices / low cost options In-plant assessment Quick scan Time (months) 2 4 6 8 10 14 16 18 20 12

7. How to implement CP ? • Develop National Sector Specific CP Strategies: • Sector Analysis • Analysis of process factors that delay the efficiency of the sector • Analysis of national policies that delay the efficiency of the sector and the application of CP • Potential to increase the efficiency of the sector through the application of CP and the transfer of ESTs • Quantitative and qualitative description of concrete CP techniques and ESTs to be applied in the sector

8. Evaluate environmental aspects • reduction in quantity of pollutants and waste generated; • reduction of pollutant/waste toxicity; • reduction in materials consumption; • reduction in use of non-renewable materials; • reduction in energy consumption; • reduction in consumption of energy from non-renewable resources; • reduction of water consumption; • reduction of “nuisance”: noise, dust, smoke, smell, etc.

9. Engaging Industry Investment strategies Environmental survey & monitoring Environment management Increased production

10. Lasting improvements Integrated management Performance Audits & Quality assurance Planning efficiency - Faster investment ‘green’ confidence Cleaner Production Improved competitiveness Less consumption & waste Developing consensus

11. Cleaner Productionnot only

12. NCPC Network Czech Republic Slovakia Hungary Croatia Macedonia Brazil Costa Rica Cuba El Salvador Guatemala Mexico Nicaragua Egypt Ethiopia Ghana Kenya Morocco Mozambique Tanzania Tunisia Zimbabwe Uganda South Africa China India Rep. Korea Sri Lanka Vietnam

13. CP Demonstration Projects(‘NCPCs-to-be’?): Uzbekistan Macedonia Ghana Sector-Specific CP Centre & activities: Oil and Gas CP Centre - Russia ‘Virtual NCPC’; networked sector-specific units - Cuba Developing: Clean fuels centre - Pakistan CP in textiles - Nigeria Other CP Projects • CP in other units & branches of UNIDO • Artisanal Gold Mining • Leather (tanning) • Textiles (dyeing) • Agro-Processing • Wood Processing • Pulp and Paper • Industrial Energy Efficiency • Montreal Protocol

14. Main Actors Host Institutions • Public sector industry research centres • University departments • Chambers of commerce Counterpart Institutions • Technical University Departments • Consulting Companies Donors Austria Brazil Italy Japan Netherlands Norway Russia Sweden Switzerland UNEP UNDP

15. Centres provide • Practical production management assistance • Training & demonstrations • ‘Gateways’ to information & networks • From products-based market to a more service-oriented economy • Zero waste through Closing the loops ( changing from linear economy to circular economy ) recycling of industrial& municipal waste • Expanding capabilities • Area-wide environmental/ecosystem quality management • Baselines and monitoring • Environmental management systems • Policy support

16. Manufacturing Industry principally SMEs Service Industry Hospitals Tourism … Universities training & curriculum development Municipalities Government Departments policy & enabling environment NCPC customer base

17. Cleaner Production steps • Analyzing process steps • Prepare process flow charts (List Process steps & identify waste streams), Collect & verify baseline data, Establish material & energy balances. Assign costs, Identify causes of wastage & excess resource consumption, Select audit focus • Generating Cleaner Production opportunities • Identify CP options; Preliminary screening & ranking of CP options • Assessing CP option feasibility • Assess technical feasibility, economic viability & environmental impact. Rank and select CP options. Present to management • Implementing & monitoring CP solutions • Prepare implementation plans & costs. Executing implementation. Monitor & evaluate • Identify next audit focus

18. Examples from Viet Nam (i) Environmental benefits: Food 1 = instant noodle factory; Food 2 = slaughterhouse NQ = Not Quantified

19. Examples from Viet Nam (ii) Financial benefits: Average figures

20. What next ? Process change • Production management  • Investment for technology change  • Skills mix of the Centre  • CP ‘bankability’  Country driven ? • Standard methodology  CP + ? • Environmental compliance  • Financial viability of centre  Technology choice • ‘Retrofitting’  • Influencing new investment  • Sector-specific approach • Production engineering vs Environmental engineering • CP financing initiatives • Modular approach • Wider services and skills • Closer integration with Govt. FDI units, investors - the precautionary principle

21. Eco-efficiency The efficient use of materials and energy in order to reduce costs and environmental impacts

22. Farmers Cotton growing Textile industry Dye Manufacturer Spinning Emission Dye manu. Dye inputs Dyeing Sizing Weaving The Indigo example Sanforizing Making-up Emission Washing Comparing CP & Eco-efficiency

24. Synergies of inter-Agency cooperation WHO EMRO – UNIDO Draft proposal for Arab League, October 2004

25. Health and Income Experience has shown that in mobilized communities with healthy people, significantly higher recovery rates of micro-credit can occur; Healthy people are in principle more productive, provided that other factors for economical success are taken care of, such as access to finance and land, marketing channels and business support.

26. Cooperation Overview

27. Status • A joint pilot project is initiated in the city of Shendi in Sudan. • Similar joint pilots foreseen for three other countries • Strategic goal To maximize on the ground the mutual reinforcement of health and income as a major driver for community development to self-reliance and social equity. • Direct objective To provide comprehensive multidisciplinary tools to enable planning and implementation of joint interventions for improving health and reducing inequalities, thus increasing quality of life.

28. Thank youvery much Cleaner Production A.MORSSY Tel : 43 1 26026 3841 Fax: 43 1 26026 6819 Email:amorssy@unido.org