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Chapter 3

Chapter 3. Music in the 14 th Century. Ars Nova. “New Art” Chief characteristic was enhanced rhythmic flexibility: Legitimization of duple meter as fully equal to triple Introduced red ink to show note values. Rise of the Composer.

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Chapter 3

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  1. Chapter 3 Music in the 14th Century

  2. Ars Nova • “New Art” • Chief characteristic was enhanced rhythmic flexibility: • Legitimization of duple meter as fully equal to triple • Introduced red ink to show note values

  3. Rise of the Composer • Medieval artists as a rule gave up their fame and would submit their work anonymously for “the greater glory to God” • Early 14th century more artists and composers began associating their name with their work • Also that composers were beginning to be acknowledged as artists rather than artisans, as creators rather than craftsmen

  4. Term: isorhythm • Describing a technique common to many motets and Mass movements written between 1300 and 1450 • Isorhythmic tenor: is one based on a fixed rhythmic and melodic pattern that is repeated at least once over the course of a work.

  5. Terms: Talea/Color • Talea: the rhythmic pattern of an isorhythmic tenor • Color: the melodic pattern

  6. Term: Contratenor • Against the tenor that occupies the same range as the tenor

  7. Term: voice leading • The manner in which two or more voices move in relationship to one another • Mid 14th century only the 3rd, 5th, 6th and Oct were considered acceptable intervals above the lowest sounding note

  8. Formes Fixes • Ballade – consists of 3 strophes (7-8 lines) the last being a refrain AAB or AABB • Virelai – follows the pattern AbbaA • Rondeau – consists of 8 lines of text set to music followin the scheme ABaAabAB

  9. Arssubtilior • “the more subtle art” • Describes: special note shapes • Special kinds of coloration used to indicate unusual varieties of syncopation • Obscure verbal canons • Notational inconsistencies

  10. Italian trecento • 3 secular vocal genres • Ballata: formally similar to the French virelai of the same period, AbbaA • Madrigal: began as a literary form that by the 1340s had crystallized into a series of two or three strophes, each consisting of three lines • Caccia: text often deals with hunting

  11. Instruments • Strings: vielle • Rebec • http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=0NW4e3nmygQ

  12. Instruments • Winds: made from animal horns, wood or metal. • Shawm • Recorder • Flutes • trumpet

  13. Instruments • Percussion: • bells • Cymbals • Timbrels • Tambourine • drums

  14. Instruments • Keyboard: • Organ without stops • http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=oqiBDNoETJ0

  15. Regarding medieval instruments the terms high and low refer to loud and soft

  16. Term: intabulation • An arrangement for keyboard or plucked string instrument of a work originally written for voices

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