Introduction

1. COMMITTEE: PoliticalQUESTION OF: Missile development and its impact on global securityEmily Sun – Political Committee Chair

2. Introduction • Ballistic missile: load of 500 + kg, range of 300+ km • Able to dispatch biological, chemical, and most notably nuclear weapons– Weapons of Mass Destruction (WMD) • Civilian risk • Anti-satellite weapons can be used in war tactics

3. Definition of Key Terms Intercontinental Ballistic Missile (ICBM): Designed for delivery of nuclear weapons, a ballistic missile with a range of more than 5,500 km. Most modern designs are able to carry multiple warheads, with each warhead capable of striking a different target. Weapons of Mass Destruction (WMD): Any weapon, nuclear, biological, or chemical characterized by its broad-sweeping intended effects; such as inflicting mass casualty or physical destruction. There are three types of delivery systems usually considered for WMDs: ballistic missiles, cruise missiles, and combat aircraft.

4. Definition of Key Terms • Anti-Satellite weapon (ASAT): Developed by the contesting nations during the Cold War, are weapons intended to destroy space systems such as satellites in orbit. Central to the issue of the militarization of space, leads to the basic framework of international space law (e.g. the Outer Space Treaty). • Horizontal proliferation: States who do not have, but are acquiring nuclear weapons, or are developing the capability to produce them. • Vertical proliferation: Nuclear weapon states increasing its nuclear stockpile and developing more sophisticated material and methods to improve weapon technology.

5. Topic Summary / Overview • Increased access to technology, information and development of ballistic nuclear systems  calls for adequate defense over the mounting danger of an arms race at both the regional and global level.

6. Topic Summary / Overview • Export Controls vs. Indigenous Development: issue of dual use technology • Libya’s unaccounted nuclear stockpile • Man-portable air defense systems (MANPADS) • North Korea: recent satellite orbit launch– potential ICBM? • UN Security Council condemnation • Violation of Resolution 1874 • Iran: focus on short and medium range missiles • Space launch vehicle Simorgh, capable of sending ICBM • Development in solid fuel, multistage systems

7. Major Parties involved The Missile Technology Control Regime (MTCR): • Controls unmanned delivery systems and the export of missiles, equipment and technology • Coordinate national export licensing measures to a list of sensitive items explicated in the MTCR Equipment and Technology Annex • 34 nations International Code of Conduct Against Ballistic Missile Proliferation (ICOC): • Also known as: Hague Code of Conduct (HCOC) • Politically binding document • Subscribing states are committed to annual reporting of: • Countries' policies regarding ballistic missiles • Announce launching of any space launch vehicles

8. Timeline 1957 – Soviet Union tests first ICBM, Sputnik is launched 1962 – Cuban Missile Crisis 1970 – Nuclear Nonproliferation Treaty (NPT) 1972 – Anti-Ballistic Missile (ABM) Treaty 1987 – Missile Technology Control Regime (MTCR) 1991 – Strategic Arms Reduction Treaty I (START I) is signed, Soviet Union on brink of collapse 1998 – North Korea fires suspected missile over Japan, calls it a satellite 2001 – White House calls for 57% increase in missile defense budget 2006 – North Korea conducts underground nuclear test, cites "extreme threat of a nuclear war" from US 2009 – UN Security Council adopts Resolution 1874-- sanctions North Korea 2012 – North Korea launches long range missile rocket

9. UN Involvement • Cuban Missile Crisis • - Secretary General U Thant negotiates peace between US and Soviet Union • North Korean missile launch • - Secretary Ban Ki Moon expresses disdain and condemnation • - Security Council unanimously adopts resolution to strengthen sanctions against DPRK

10. Possible Solutions • Rationale behind missile proliferation: contingent upon region.   • Multilateral negotiation: what is considered defensive technology for some countries may be considered as an offensive program for other nations • Must examine impact of science and technology in interests of both global security and social economic development of the people

11. Bibliography Bermudez, S. Joseph Jr. "A History ofBallistic Missile Development in the DPRK." Web. 15 February 2013. <http://cns.miis.edu/opapers/op2/op2.pdf> Gyarmati, Istvan, et al. "Missile development and its impact on global security." Web. 15 February 2013. <http://www.un.org/disarmament/HomePage/ODAPublications/OccasionalPapers/PDF/OP2.pdf> Hildreth, A.Steven. "Ballistic Missile Defense: Historical Overview." Web. 15 February 2013. <http://www.fas.org/sgp/crs/weapons/RS22120.pdf> "The Beginnings of Missile Defense." Web. 15 February 2013. <http://www.pbs.org/wgbh/pages/frontline/shows/missile/etc/cron.html> Thielman, Greg. "Iran's Missile Program and Its Implications for US Defense." Web. 15 February 2013. <http://armscontrol.org/files/TAB_Iran_Missile_Program_Implications.pdf >