UNDERSTANDING A PSYCHOLOGICAL DISORDER

1. INTRODUCTION MEANING OF PSYCHOLOGICAL DISORDER CLASSIFICATION OF PSYCHOLOGICAL DISORDER SCHIZOPHRENIA DISORDER SYMPTOMS OF SCHIZOPHRENIA DISORDER PROJECT PROBLEM PROJECT METHOD:MOVIE ANALYSIS MOVIE PLOT MOVIE AND THEORY CONNECTION DATA ANALYSIS SELF REFLECTION INDEX

2. The word ‘abnormal’ literally means “away from the normal”, it implies deviation from some clearly defined norms or standards. In psychology, we have no ‘ideal model’ or even ‘normal model’ of human behaviour to use as a base for comparison. Various approaches have been used in distinguishing between normal and abnormal behaviours. From these approaches, there emerge two basic and conflicting views : • The first approach views abnormal behaviour as a deviation from social norms. Each society has certain norms that are stated or unstated rules of conduct. Behaviours, thoughts and emotions that break societal norms are called abnormal. • The second approach views abnormal behaviours as maladaptive. Many psychologists believe best criterion for determining the normal behaviour is not whether your society accepts it, but whether it fosters the well-being of the individual and of the group where he /she belongs. ABNORMALITY

3. Psychological Disorders are thoughts, feelings and behaviours that are DEVIANT(different, extreme, unusual, even bizarre), DISTRESSFUL (unpleasant and upsetting to the person and to others),DYSFUNCTIONAL (interfering with the person’s ability to carry out daily activities in a constructive way) & DANGEROUS (to the person or to others). MEANING OF PSYCHOLOGICAL DISORDERS

4. In order to understand psychological disorders, they have been grouped into different classes and categories on the basis of some shared characteristics. • Categorization is useful as it enable all users to have common understanding, communicate with each other about terms , cause, process involved in development of disorder, description of symptoms, clinical criteria of presence or absence of disorder. CLASSIFICATION OF PSYCHOLOGICAL DISORDERS

6. Schizophrenia is the descriptive term for a group of psychotic disorders in which personal, social and occupational functioning deteriorate as a result of disturbed thought processes, strange perceptions, unusual emotional states, and motor abnormalities. It is a debilitating disorder. The social and psychological costs of schizophrenia are tremendous, both to patients as well as to their families and society. Schizophrenic Disorders

7. Symptoms of Schizophrenia • The symptoms of schizophrenia can be grouped into three categories

9. Delusions of persecution are the most common in schizophrenia. People with this delusion believe that they are being plotted against, spied on, slandered, threatened, attacked or deliberately victimised. • Delusions of reference in which they attach special and personal meaning to the actions of others or to objects and events. • Delusions of grandeur in which people believe themselves to be specially empowered persons. • Delusions of control in which they believe that their feelings, thoughts and actions are controlled by others. TYPES OF DELUSIONS :-

10. 2. People with schizophrenia may not be able to think logically and may speak in peculiar ways. These formal thought disorders can make communication extremely difficult. These include rapidly shifting from one topic to another so that the normal structure of thinking is muddled and becomes illogical (loosening of associations, derailment), inventing new words or phrases (neologisms), and persistent and inappropriate repetition of the same thoughts (perseveration). 3. People with schizophrenics may have hallucinations, i.e. perceptions that occur in the absence of external stimuli. • Auditory hallucinations are most common in schizophrenia. Patients hear sounds or voices that speak words, phrases and sentences directly to the patient (second person hallucination) or talk to one another referring to the patient as s/he (third person hallucination). • Tactile hallucinations i.e. forms of tingling, burning. • Somatic hallucinationsi.e. something happening inside the body such as a snake crawling inside one’s stomach, • Visual hallucinationsi.e. vague perceptions of colour or distinct visions of people or objects, • Gustatory hallucinationsi.e. food or drink taste strange, • Olfactory hallucinationsi.e. smell of poison or smoke. • People with schizophrenia also showinappropriate affect i.e. emotions that are unsuited to the situation.

12. People with schizophrenia also show psychomotor symptoms. They move less spontaneously or make odd grimaces and gestures. These symptoms may take extreme forms known as catatonia. People in a catatonic stupor remain motionless and silent for long stretches of time. Some show catatonic rigidity, i.e. maintaining a rigid, upright posture for hours. Others exhibit catatonic posturing, i.e. assuming awkward, bizarre positions for long periods of time. Psychomotor symptoms

15. Data (movie plot) • WohLamhe (Those Moments) is a 2006 Indian romantic drama film directed by MohitSuri, starring ShineyAhuja and KanganaRanaut. The film is supposedly based on ParveenBabi's life, her battle with schizophrenia and her relationship with Mahesh Bhatt to whom she was a lover as well as a mentor in his struggling days. • In the glitzy entertainment capital of Mumbai as dusk descends, actress Sana Azim (KanganaRanaut) slits her wrists in a hotel room in an attempt to kill herself. When this news reaches film-maker AdityaGarewal (ShineyAhuja), he is devastated. Aditya has been searching for Sana, who was intensely involved with him and who had mysteriously disappeared from his life without any explanation three years ago, only to surface now in what could be the last moments of her life. • As Aditya waits outside of the ICU, praying to be reunited with her, he is hurled back into the perfumed days and champagne nights of his memory, when Sana played the role of a lover and mentor to a struggling Aditya. • Everything was perfect, except for an enemy which lurked in the shadows, waiting to destroy their love. Sana is a patient with schizophrenia, who has excessive hallucinations of a girl named Rani, who actually doesn't exist, which gradually ruins both Sana's life and career. When Aditya realizes that, the only way he can save Sana from total devastation, is to take her away from Bollywood and the vested interests, that threaten to destroy her completely, he runs away with Sana putting his career on the line. Those moments lived in the sanctuary of their love are like an oasis in the desert. • Until one day, suddenly, she disappears, leaving him with unanswered questions. • Aditya tries his best to save Sana from her mental illness but fails. Sana remains now only in his memories and past moments.

16. MOVIE AND THEORY CONNECTION • Wohlamhe movie plot makes an interesting turn when Sana Azim sees an character 'Rani' after the fight with her boyfriend Nikhil.She leaves the house in anger .While walking on the road ,she sees Rani who is asking for her help. Sana Azim got scared and trembled ,so she run so fast that she is almost going to met with an accident. • While shooting her next film with AdityaGarewal, she sees Rani again who was trying to kill her so she ran as fast as she can. She told the accident to Aditya but when they see the camera recording there is no one. According to her, Rani was her roommate who also wants to become an actor but she fails, so she is jealous from her and wanted to kill her. • Then Aditya go to the old house and asked the lady about her roommate Rani but she said "Only Sana lived here. No one named Rani ever lived here". He got surprised. While shooting her dance video with Nikhil, she again see Rani and become so fearful that she ran from there and locked herself in a room and hold a knife for her protection and also become violent in front of everyone. She got so much afraid that she urinate. Then, some people broke the lock and get her admitted to the hospital. • Then ,doctors told that she is suffering from schizophrenia (a mental illness).

17. The main character (Sana) get auditory and visual hallucinations due to which she met with various types of small accidents. • She have delusions of persecution(Sana thought she is being spied on,attacked and victimised by ranii.e the character that doesn’t exist in real life. • She have positive symptoms of Schizophrenia. Data analysis

18. The movie shows the schizophrenia psychological disorder very well but it mainly focus on the love story of the actress and the film producer (Sana and Aditya). • I liked the acting skills of Kangana that how she potraits the disorder but in the movie they showed the psychological disorder as it is not acceptable to the society and they tied her with bandages .The people in the movie make her feel like she is mental (pagal) . • She got so much afraid and dreadful that in the end she committed suicide. • I liked the activity as it made me learn the topic very well. Self reflection

19. Thank you!!!