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Population Ecology

Campbell Biology CH 53. Population Ecology. Which do you think is the most important in population ecology?. Age Structure Environmental Factors Population Density & Distribution Population Size & Growth Survivorship. All of the following are required to be in a population EXCEPT:.

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Population Ecology

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  1. Campbell Biology CH 53 Population Ecology

  2. Which do you think is the most important in population ecology? • Age Structure • Environmental Factors • Population Density & Distribution • Population Size & Growth • Survivorship

  3. All of the following are required to be in a population EXCEPT: • Interact • Interbreed • Share Resources • Same Environment • Same Species • Uniform Distribution

  4. Population density is the • Total # of Individuals • # of Individuals per Area • # of Individuals per Volume • Both 2 & 3

  5. Population density can be determined by • Mark-Recapture • Dispersal • Direct Count • Both 1 & 2 • Both 1 & 3 • Cannot ever be fully determined

  6. Population = same species, resources, environment that interact/interbreed • Population Density = how many individuals are living in a specific area or volume. • Use density to determine count and vice versa … think back to our yeast lab. • General Distribution U2-5 Describe interactions and factors that affect population size and growth.

  7. BIO HAC: Tapping Into Knowledge • Topic: Population Ecology & Survivorship. • Questions: • What is the effect of age on survival in human populations? • What is the effect of gender on survival in human populations? • Hypothesize It! • Analyze It! Make 3 Graphs • Conclude It! U2-5 Describe interactions and factors that affect population size and growth.

  8. Survivorship = How long will you survive? U2-5 Describe interactions and factors that affect population size and growth.

  9. Exponential population growth assumes • Short Gestation • Long Gestation • Unlimited Resources • Limited Resources

  10. Which of the following limit exponential growth? • Immigration • Emigration • Deaths • Births • Both 1 & 3 • Both 2 & 3 • Both 2 & 4

  11. Exponential Population Growth • Growth=(New Individuals)–(Loss of Individuals) • Equations: • Where: • r is the per capita growth rate • N is the population size • ΔN is the change in population • Δt is the time interval U2-5 Describe interactions and factors that affect population size and growth.

  12. Exponential Population Growth U2-5 Describe interactions and factors that affect population size and growth.

  13. Population Growth Example Problem • In 2009, the USA had a population 307 million. If there were 14 births and 8 deaths per 1,000 people, what is the growth rate of US citizens in 2009 (not including Immigration or Emigration)? U2-5 Describe interactions and factors that affect population size and growth.

  14. Logistical growth is more representative of populations because • Populations are limited by resources • Birth & Death Rates Oscillate • Density is independent

  15. Logistical Population Growth • Carrying Capacity (K) = the total number of individuals an ecosystem can support. • Equation: U2-5 Describe interactions and factors that affect population size and growth.

  16. Exponential vs. Logistical Growth U2-5 Describe interactions and factors that affect population size and growth.

  17. Once a population reaches carrying capacity it cannot grow anymore. • True • False

  18. Logistical Growth of Organisms U2-5 Describe interactions and factors that affect population size and growth.

  19. Factors Affecting Population Growth Density-independent Density Dependent Competition Predation Toxic Waste Intrinsic Factors Territoriality Disease • Climate/Weather • Natural Disasters • Etc. U2-5 Describe interactions and factors that affect population size and growth.

  20. Survivorship & Life-History R-Selected Species K-selected Species Density-Dependent Selection of Traits Examples: Low # of offspring with large investment/energy of care. • Density-Independent Selection of Traits • Examples: • High # of offspring with little investment/energy towards care. U2-5 Describe interactions and factors that affect population size and growth.

  21. K-Selection in American Kestrels U2-5 Describe interactions and factors that affect population size and growth.

  22. Population Dynamics: Many Factors Affect Population Success U2-5 Describe interactions and factors that affect population size and growth.

  23. Predator-Prey Cycles U2-5 Describe interactions and factors that affect population size and growth.

  24. Human Population Growth • http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=4BbkQiQyaYc

  25. Human Population Growth U2-5 Describe interactions and factors that affect population size and growth.

  26. Age Structure Diagrams U2-5 Describe interactions and factors that affect population size and growth.

  27. Comparisons of Industrialization U2-5 Describe interactions and factors that affect population size and growth.

  28. U2-5 Describe interactions and factors that affect population size and growth.

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