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Welcome to CMPE003 Personal Computers: Hardware and Software

Welcome to CMPE003 Personal Computers: Hardware and Software. Dr. Chane Fullmer Fall 2002 UC Santa Cruz. Assignments. Details on the class web page: http://www.soe.ucsc.edu/classes/cmpe003/Fall02/ TAs Dyng Au Dat Nguyen Sections Monday – 9 -11AM, SS 1 #135

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Welcome to CMPE003 Personal Computers: Hardware and Software

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  1. Welcome toCMPE003 Personal Computers: Hardware and Software Dr. Chane Fullmer Fall 2002 UC Santa Cruz

  2. Assignments • Details on the class web page: • http://www.soe.ucsc.edu/classes/cmpe003/Fall02/ • TAs • Dyng Au • Dat Nguyen • Sections • Monday – 9 -11AM, SS 1 #135 • Tuesday/Thursday – 11 – 12PM, JBE #109 • Friday – 9 – 11AM, JBE #109

  3. 1st HomeworkDue Friday • NOTE: • This homework must be completed successfully to continue in this class • If this homework is not received by the due date, you will be dropped from the class • No adds will be allowed after this due date (assuming there is any room) • Due Friday September 27, 2002 • Must be received by 11:59 PM

  4. OPERATING SYSTEMSSoftware in the Background Chapter 2 Part a Operating Systems

  5. Objectives of Chapter 2 • Describe the functions of an Operating System • Explain the basics of a personal computer operating system • Describe the advantages of a graphical operating system • Differentiate among different operating systems • Explain the need for network operating systems • Describe the methods of resource allocation on large computers • Be able to describe the differences among multiprocessing, multiprogramming, and timesharing • Explain the principles of memory management • List several functions typically performed by utility programs

  6. Operating SystemHidden Software • Definition – provides access to all resources • Kernel • Manages the operating system • Memory resident • Loads set of programs that lies between applications software and the hardware • Fundamental software that controls non-resident portions of the OS as needed • Booting – Loads the kernel into memory

  7. Systems Software • Definition: • All programs related to coordinating computer operations • Components • Operating System • Utility programs • Program language translators

  8. Functions of OS • Manage the computer’s resources • CPU • Memory • Disk drives • Printers • Establish a user interface • Execute and provide services for applications software • Carries out all input and output operation

  9. User Interface • Facilitates communication between the user and the operating system • Two forms • Command line • Text-based • Key commands • Examples: MS-DOS, Unix • Graphical user interface (GUI) (pronounced “gooey”) • Visual images • Menus • Examples: X Windows (UNIX), M$ Windows, Mac OS

  10. Platform • Definition: Computer hardware and operating system software that dictate what other software can run • Wintel (Windows/Intel) Intel-based PC running MS Windows • SPARC (Sun Microsystems) Sun based architecture running Solaris (UNIX)

  11. OS is Hidden • User interested in application software to make the PC useful • Application software is platform specific • User must be aware of the type of OS • User should be aware of the functions of OS

  12. Types of OS’s Command line Single user PC Multi-user Network(ed) Operating System (NOS)

  13. MS-DOS • Command-line interface – ala UNIX • Prompt – system is waiting for you to do something • Type in a command • Not user-friendly

  14. Microsoft Windows • Graphical user interface • Eases access to the OS • Most new computers come with Windows already installed

  15. GUI (Graphical User Interface) • Aka WIMP interface • Windows, Icons, Menus, Pointer • On-screen pictures • Icons • Menus • Pull down • Pop up • Click to activate a command or function • Fast and Easy • Intuitive (usually)

  16. Early Days of Windows Operating environment for MS-DOS Shell – layer added between users and DOS

  17. Windows Today • Home/consumer market • Windows 95 • Windows 98 • Windows Millennium Edition (ME) • Corporate market • Windows NT • Windows 2000 • Windows XP • Pocket computers and Internet appliances • Windows CE

  18. Windows 95 and 98 • Self-contained OS • DOS commands still available • Start programs by • Start button • Double clicking the icon • Task bar permits movement between open programs • Long file names up to 255 characters • Plug and play • Object linking and embedding (OLE)

  19. Windows 98 Additions • Internet / intranet browsing • Support for DVD and additional multimedia components • Support for large hard drives • TV viewer and broadcast ability • Wizards

  20. Improved Windows Features • Backup • Interfaces with other software • Networking features • Security • Dr. Watson

  21. Windows MEMillennium Edition Multimedia support -- Windows Media Player 7 • Jukebox • Record music CDs as digital files • Windows Movie Maker • Basic video editing • Windows Image Acquisition • Scanner and digital camera

  22. Windows NTNew Technology • Engineered for stability • Strong security • Versions • NT Workstation • NT Server • Drawbacks • Lacks support for older Windows and MS-DOS software and hardware • Complex to learn and use • Requires more memory and processing power

  23. Windows 2000 • Stability features • Security features • Uses simple approach to hardware setup from Windows 98 • Versions • Windows 2000 Professional for individual users • Windows 2000 for network servers • Was intended for both the corporate and home use, replacing Win NT and Win 98

  24. Windows 2000 • Complex • Heavy demand for computer resources • Improvements over windows NT • Maintains user preferences • Self-healing applications software • Supports Windows 98 file structure • Uses plug and play • Provides improved support for laptops

  25. Windows XP • Extends Windows ME and provides a more stable environment • Two categories • Network server • 3 versions based upon network complexity • Desktop computer • 2 versions • Professional Client • Personal Client

  26. Windows CEConsumer Electronics Subset of Windows • Less memory • Smaller screens • Little or no file storage • Provides Internet connectivity

  27. Windows CEConsumer Electronics Where used • Embedded systems • Industrial controllers • Robots • Office equipment • Cameras • Telephones • Home entertainment devices • Automobile navigation systems • Pocket PC • Internet appliance market

  28. Accessibility Options • Seeing • Hearing • Touching

  29. Mac OS (Apple Computer) • First commercially successful GUI (1984) • Served as a model to other GUI systems

  30. UNIX • Supports • Multi-user • Time-sharing • Character-based system • Command-line interface • GUI: X-Windows • Runs on various processors and many types of platforms • Primary OS used on Internet servers

  31. Free BSD • A Free, public domain version of Berkeley UNIX • Open source software • GNU General Public License • Download it free • www.freebsd.org • Make changes and use freely • XFree86 GUI included • PC Setup • PC comes with Windows installed • Install FreeBSD in a dual-boot configuration • (or reformat drives and use only FreeBSD)

  32. LINUX • UNIX-like OS • Open-source software • Download it free • Make changes • Distribute copies • Restriction – any changes must be made freely available to the public • PC Setup • PC comes with Windows installed • Install LINUX in a dual-boot configuration

  33. UNIX (FreeBSD, LINUX, etc) • Advantages over Windows • Extremely stable • Internet support designed in from the beginning • UC Berkeley had early TCP/IP Unix distribution • Reinstallation is simpler • Disadvantage • Scarcity of applications for new toys

  34. Networked Operating Systems NOS • Designed to permit computers on a network to share resources • Examples • Windows 2000 Server • Novell Net Ware • UNIX – NFS… • Provides • Data security • Troubleshooting • Administrative control

  35. NOS Functions • Split between client and server computers • Server • File management • Client • Requests to the server • Messaging • Has own local OS • Makes the resources appear as if they are local to the client’s computer

  36. Large Computer OSs • Used by many people at once • OS works “behind the scenes” so users can share • OS must control • Who gets access to resources • What keeps the programs from different users from getting mixed up with one another

  37. Friday…… • Finish our discussion of Operating Systems • Resource allocation • Multiprocessing, multiprogramming, time-sharing • Memory management

  38. See you.. …..Friday

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