Welcome to CMPE003 Personal Computers: Hardware and Software

1. Welcome to CMPE003Personal Computers: Hardware and Software Dr. Chane Fullmer Fall 2002 UC Santa Cruz

2. First Assignment • Details on the class web page: • http://www.soe.ucsc.edu/classes/cmpe003/Fall02/ • Due Friday September 27, 2002 • Must be received by 11:59 PM

3. 1st HomeworkDue September 27, 2002 • NOTE: • This homework must be completed successfully to continue in this class • If this homework is not received by the due date, you will be dropped from the class • No adds will be allowed after this due date (assuming there is any room) • Did you turn it in before 6AM today  ! If so.. Do it again…

4. Computers: Tools for an Information Age Chapter 1 Part b

5. Chapter Objectives • Identify the basic components of a computer system: • input, processing, output, and storage (IPOS) • List some common input, output, and storage media • Distinguish raw data from information • Describe the significance of computer networks • Explain the significance of the Internet • Explain the various classifications of computers • Describe the three fundamental characteristics of computers • Speed, reliability & storage • Describe at least four areas of society in which computers are used

6. Computer System People Software Hardware

7. People • Computer programmer – • person who writes programs • Users or End-users – • make use of the computer’s capabilities

8. Software • Programs • Set of instructions that directs the hardware to do a required task and produce the desired results

9. Hardware – Basic Components of a Computer

10. Computer • A machine that can be programmed to accept data (input), process it into useful information (output), and store it away (in secondary storage device) for safekeeping or later reuse • Processing is directed by software but performed by the hardware

11. Function of Computer System Data handling I Input P Process O Output S Storage

12. Input devices • Accept data or commands and convert them to electronic form (raw data) • Getting data into the computer • Typing on a keyboard • Pointing with a mouse • Scanning with a wand reader or bar-code reader • Terminal • Microphone • Camera

13. Monitor or screen Text Numbers Symbols Art Photographs Video Printer Black and white Color Output devices • Convert from electronic form to some other form • May display the processed results • Usable information Speakers • Music

14. The Processor Central Processing Unit (CPU) • Converts raw data to useful information • Interprets and executes instructions • Communicates with input, output and storage devices

15. Two Types of Storage • Primary storage or memory -- temporary storage • Secondary storage -- long-term storage

16. Memory / Primary Storage • Temporary storage • Holds input to be processed • Holds results of processing • Contains the programs to control the computer and manipulate input into output • Volatile • When you loose/turn-off power, it’s gone

17. Secondary Storage • Long-term storage • Non-volatile • Caveat -- “Bit rot” • Data can be lost or changed over time

18. Secondary Storage Examples • Magnetic disks – read and written by magnetic disk drive • Hard disk • Diskette • Optical disks – read and written by optical disk drives • CD-ROM • DVD-ROM • Magnetic tape – read and written by magnetic tape drives • Primarily used for back-up

19. Computer Systems • Computer • CPU • Memory • Peripheral equipment • Connected to the computer by a cable • Input, output, storage

20. Network • Definition • A system that uses communication equipment to connect computers and their resources. • Types • Local area network (LAN) – connects computers in close proximity • Metropolitan are network (MAN) – connect computers between buildings in the same geographic area • Wide are network (WAN) – connects computers over great distances

21. Home Connectivity • Connect home PC to other computers • (Usually via an ISP) • Use modem to convert signals between electronic (computer) and analog (voice) formats • Dial-up modem • ADSL modem • Cable modem

22. Internet • Collection of networks • No ownership • No central source for services available • No comprehensive index of what information is available Connects Everyone! • Individuals • Businesses • Organizations • Libraries • Research labs • Government

23. Getting Connected • User’s computer must connect to a server • Server must communicate using TCP/IP • The user can purchase access to a server from an ISP (Internet Service Provider)

24. Internet – What Can You Do? • WWW – World Wide Web • FTP – File Transfer Protocol • E-mail • UseNet – news groups • IRC – Internet Relay Chat • Bulletin Boards

25. World Wide Web • Browser – program that allows the user to move around and explore the Internet • Use the mouse to point and click on text and graphics • Terminology: • Web site • Home page • Web page

26. Classifications of Computers • Use the computer that fits your needs • Based upon • Size • Speed • Cost • Portability • Number of simultaneous users supported • Available software • Typical use

27. Personal Computers • Other names • PC • Microcomputer • Home computer • Categories • Low-end functional • Fully powered • Workstations • Net computer or net box (Web TV) • Desktop Models • Separate CPU tower, monitor and keyboard

28. Portable Computers • Notebooks • Lightweight • Fits in a briefcase • Battery operated • Laptops • Larger • Heavier • More expensive than desktop models

29. Handheld Computers • Personal Digital Assistant (PDA) • Scheduling • Addresses • Handwritten input • May offer wireless e-mail and fax • Pocket PC • More power than PDA • Runs basic productivity software

30. Other Types of Computers Mainframes • High speed • More expensive • Used to process large amounts of data quickly • Transaction processing • Support multiple users • Does server tasks Supercomputers • Fastest speed • Most expensive

31. Have a Nice Day! 