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Le pluriel

Le pluriel. The French plural. The plural. Plural forms are forms that refer to "more than one" of something. In English, nouns are usually marked as being plural by adding  -s  or  - es :  one book ,  two book s ;  this blue box ,  these blue box es .

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Le pluriel

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  1. Le pluriel The French plural

  2. The plural • Pluralforms are forms that refer to "more than one" of something. • In English, nouns are usually marked as being plural by adding -s or -es: one book, two books; this blue box, these blue boxes. • In English, adjectives like blue don't change between singular and plural. But in French, adjectives are also marked as being singular or plural.

  3. continuation • The most common rule for forming the plural of nouns and adjectives in French is actually very simple: • add a final -s in the spelling to mark a noun or adjective as plural; • NOTE: if you have a plural adjective followed by a plural noun, then pronounce the final -s on the adjective if the noun begins with a vowel.

  4. Rule #1 • General rule: add -s in the spelling • Usually, the plural form of nouns and adjectives is straightforward in French: you just need to remember to add an -s to both the noun and any adjective(s) that might be alongside it. • For example: les (as opposed to le or la) is the French for "the" in the plural: • Les garçons

  5. Notice in these examples the position of the adjective: some basic size adjectives usually go before the noun, whereas color adjectives normally go afterwards.

  6. Rule #2 • Words already ending in -s or -x • Where a noun or adjective ends in -s in the singular, no further -s is added in the plural. • For example:  un Français (a Frenchman) remains des Français (Frenchmen) un virus (a virus) remains des virus (viruses). • The same is true of words ending in -x, for example: le prixthe price/prizeles prixthe prices/prizesla voixthe voiceles voixthe voices

  7. Other rules • Nouns that end in -au take -x in the plural. • For example:  bateau (boat) becomes bateaux (boats); manteau (overcoat) becomes manteaux(overcoats). • Most nouns that end in -ou take -s in the plural, but some take -x. • For example: chou (cabbage) becomes choux (cabbages) bijou (jewel) becomes bijoux (jewels).

  8. continuation • Nouns that end in -al drop that ending and use -aux in the plural. • For example:  journal (newspaper)becomes journaux(newspapers);  animal(animal) becomes animaux(animals). • Family names aren't pluralized in French. • For example, the Martins lose the -s in French but keep the article: Les Martin.

  9. The sound • When to pronounce the plural -s • In general, the plural -s in French, like many final consonants, isn't pronounced. However, a notable exception is where you have a plural adjective followed by a noun beginning with a vowel. • In such cases, the final -s of the adjective (but not the noun) is pronounced, as a [z] sound: • les grands arbresles jeunes Américainsces petits enfants

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