Edexcel GCSE History - S H P

1. Edexcel GCSE History - S H P Crime and Punishment Unit Revision Mindmaps– Core content By Mr Wallbanks

2. Reasons for severe approach to punishment Attitudes to crime The Bloody Code Guy Fawkes & the Gunpowder Plot The introduction of Transportation Theft Crime and Punishment in the Early Modern Era (1450- 1700) Treason Jonathan Wild Types of Crime Early policing Poaching The Vagabonds Smuggling Constables & Watchmen Hue and Cry

3. Problems caused by the development of towns Problems of policing Smuggling How did the growth of towns lead to increases in the number & types of crime? Attitudes of law makers Response of the people Transportation Poaching The Tolpuddle Martyrs Attitudes of the authorities. Their crime

4. Prison conditions The work of John Howard The work of Elizabeth Fry Prison conditions and prison reformers 1750 – 1900. The end of transportation New prisons/ improvements Changing attitudes to the purpose of prison The end of the Bloody Code Silent and separate systems The end of public execution

5. Sir Robert Peel Opposition to early police Early problems/ successes Later developments Why the police were introduced? The development of the police force The army as riot control The Fielding Brothers The Peterloo Massacre What did the Bow Street Runners do? Dealing with riots & law and order Limitations Successes

6. The end of public executions Changing attitudes to punishment Increasing use of prisons How did the nature of punishment change 1750 - 1900? The end of the Bloody Code The end of transportation

7. Consequences Problems facing the police Events July bombings How has terrorism changed the work of the police Abolition of execution Two Key Events of the 20th Century Effect on attitudes to execution Why his case is so important Who was Derek Bentley? His punishment Crime

8. Handling complaints against the police Specialisation of the police Responding to new types of crime How policing developed in the 20th century. Changing attitudes to the police. The changing role of the police Community Policing Crime prevention & detecting criminals Using new technology Dealing with terrorism

9. Tax evasion What effect does new technology have on crime? Smuggling? Computer crimes Race relationship laws New crimes or old in the 21st century? Are there any new crimes ? People trafficking Car crime How has the government become involved in the defining of crime? Traffic offences

10. Prisons and young people Changes in the purpose of prisons New punishments/ alternatives to prison How have punishments changed in the 20th century? Women in prisons Why was the death penalty abolished?

11. Extension Studies (You must know all 3 inside out as the questions on this are worth 50% of this unit’s mark) • A) Witchcraft in the sixteenth and seventeenth centuries. • Why were people afraid of witchcraft? • How did the authorities make this a crime? • How were witches punished? • Why did society undergo a witchcraft craze? - You need to focus on the influence of the attitudes in society on the fear of witches. • Why did the fear of witchcraft die out? • Finally you need to be able to identify how the changing of attitudes resulted in changes to the law. • B) Conscientious objection in the twentieth century. • How were the Conscientious Objectors punished by the authorities in the First and Second World Wars? • What were the attitudes in society of the Conscientious Objectors? • Why was being a CO considered to be a crime in World War One and why did attitudes to being a CO change? • How did the changing of attitudes towards being a CO result in changes to the law? • C) Domestic violence in the twentieth century. • How have attitudes towards domestic violence changed? What caused these changes? • You need to understand why domestic violence was not considered to be a crime and why attitudes to domestic violence changed. • You need to be able to identify how the changing of attitudes resulted in changes to the law. • You need to understand how authority reacted to domestic violence and how those involved were punished.

12. Matthew Hopkins Why did the fear of witchcraft die out? • Why were people afraid of witchcraft? Why did society undergo a witchcraft craze? - Witchcraft in the sixteenth and seventeenth centuries. King James I’s book Elizabeth I’s laws • How were witches punished? • How did the authorities make this a crime? • Finally you need to be able to identify how the changing of attitudes resulted in changes to the law. King James I witchcraft laws Henry VIII’s laws

13. Second World War First World War Punishments First World War How the law changed as a result of changing attitudes Conscientious objection in the twentieth century. The attitudes of the authorities to COs Second World War Why did attitudes to being a CO change Attitudes to C Os by society Second World War First World War

14. The media Protest groups Jack Ashley Erin Pizzey • What caused these changes? How have attitudes towards domestic violence changed? How those involved were punished. Domestic violence in the twentieth century. How authority reacted to domestic violence. Why domestic violence was not considered to be a crime. How changing attitudes resulted in changes to the law. Why attitudes to domestic violence changed.