Anywhere anytime

1. EPSY 556 U of IL Ubiquitous Learning Spaces Pam Murray Image: Michal Marcol / FreeDigitalPhotos.net Anywhere anytime

2. Defining UBE “Ubiquitous = pervasive, omnipresent, ever present, everywhere Learning = educational, instructive, didactic, pedagogical Environment = surroundings, setting, situation, atmosphere So, a ubiquitous learning environment (ULE) is a situation or setting of pervasive (or omnipresent) education (or learning). Education is happening all around the student but the students may not even be conscious of the learning process. Source data is present in the embedded objects and students do not have to DO anything in order to learn. They just have to be there.” (Jones, V. & Jo, J. H., 2004)

3. Expanding the definition “Ubiquitous computing can mean using technology to bridge distance and time, the merging of physical and virtual, and bringing computing off the desk into social and public spaces through wearable and handheld devices. A focus on learning, and on the increasing prevalence of knowledge construction activities being conducted in online environments by experts and novices alike, however, suggests that the definition of ubiquitous be expanded to include the idea that learners can engage with knowledge about “anything,” and that this learning can be experienced by “anyone.” (Cope, B. & Kalantis, M., 2009)

4. Characteristics of U-Learning • “ Permanency: The information remains unless the learners purposely remove it. • Accessibility: The information is always available whenever the learners need to use it. • Immediacy: The information can be retrieved immediately by the learners. • Interactivity: The learners can interact with peers, teachers, and experts efficiently and effectively through different media. • Context-awareness: The environment can adapt to the learners real situation to provide adequate information for the learners.” Yahya, S., Ahmad, E., & AbdJalil, K. (2010, February 28). The definition and characteristics of ubiquitous learning: A discussion. International Journal of Education and Development using ICT [Online], 6(1). Available: http://ijedict.dec.uwi.edu/viewarticle.php?id=785.

5. Ubiquitous Learning Beyond Anytime, Anywhere Nicholas Burbules, director of the Ubiquitous Learning Institute at the U of IL, suggests six dimensions, all interrelated, to the expression “anytime, anywhere” Portability Spatial Sense Interconnectedness Globalized, transnational flows New technologies blur sharp divisions between activities Temporal Sense

6. 1.Spatial sense of ubiquity • continual access • physical location no longer a constraint (image source: newsroom.intel.com) Clipped from: www.hightechdad.com/...-via-the-cloud-intel-knows-how Burbules, N. (2009). Meanings of “Ubiquitous Learning”. Cope, B. & Kalantzis, M. (Eds.). Ubiquitous Learning (pp 15-20). Urbana & Chicago: University of Illinois Press

7. 2. Portability • handheld computing devices • wearable devices Image: Stuart Miles / FreeDigitalPhotos.net Burbules, N. (2009). Meanings of “Ubiquitous Learning”. Cope, B. & Kalantzis, M. (Eds.). Ubiquitous Learning (pp 15-20). Urbana & Chicago: University of Illinois Press

8. 3. Interconnectedness • always connected to others • one’s knowledge, memory, and processing power are enhanced Image: digitalart / FreeDigitalPhotos.net Burbules, N. (2009). Meanings of “Ubiquitous Learning”. Cope, B. & Kalantzis, M. (Eds.). Ubiquitous Learning (pp 15-20). Urbana & Chicago: University of Illinois Press

9. 4. New technologies blur sharp divisions between activities • changes in culture, work, home, and family life • different thinking about where, how, when, and why learning takes place • VLEs as immersive learning places Burbules, N. (2009). Meanings of “Ubiquitous Learning”. Cope, B. & Kalantzis, M. (Eds.). Ubiquitous Learning (pp 15-20). Urbana & Chicago: University of Illinois Press Bates S., Hurst R., Murray P., Wisgram C. (2010) Lung Cancer 0001 [Video] (Learning Community Project, EPSY 590 VE, U of IL) Screen shot taken from: http://youtu.be/wDE2Iw9um4w

10. 5. Temporal sense • changed sense of time • use of recording devices • customized scheduling • asynchronous modes of communication • each moment is a learning moment Burbules, N. (2009). Meanings of “Ubiquitous Learning”. Cope, B. & Kalantzis, M. (Eds.). Ubiquitous Learning (pp 15-20). Urbana & Chicago: University of Illinois Press Image: Candice Murray Photos

11. 6. Globalized, transnational network and “flows” People Information Ideas Image: ddpavumba / FreeDigitalPhotos.net Burbules, N. (2009). Meanings of “Ubiquitous Learning”. Cope, B. & Kalantzis, M. (Eds.). Ubiquitous Learning (pp 15-20). Urbana & Chicago: University of Illinois Press

12. Some Tools of UBEs Ubiquitous Learning Mobile Devices Smart Phones laptops Wearable devices Context-Aware U-Learning Microprocessors ULE Server Module Wireless technology – Blue Tooth & WiFi Sensors PDA or Mobile Phone fitted with a headset Personal Computers iPads Hwang, G.-J., Tsai,C.-C., & Yang, S. J. H. (2008). Criteria, Strategies and Research Issues of Context-Aware Ubiquitous Learning. Educational Technology & Society,11 (2), 81-91. Smart Cars

13. Image: renjithkrishnan / FreeDigitalPhotos.net

14. “… traditional boundaries need to be broken down in both directions: not only sending out new and different kinds of projects and “homework” to students, but bringing in to the classroom activities involving other learning tools and resources that have not typically been seen as part of schools. Schools , and teachers in schools, need to think of themselves not as the sole (and perhaps not even the primary) source of learning for many of their students – especially students above a certain age – but as brokers of a certain sort.” (Nicholas Burbules, 2009) Burbules, N. (2009). Meanings of “Ubiquitous Learning”. Cope, B. & Kalantzis, M. (Eds.). Ubiquitous Learning (pp 15-20). Urbana & Chicago: University of Illinois Press

15. 1. Building Community • Create a social networking site Edmodo.com Google + • Create a Twitter hashtag • Encourage peer editing or feedback • Create a Skype account • Create a “community lounge” folder Bond, T. “Good Teacher.” Ubiquitous Learning. Chen, I & Kidd, T. (Eds): Information Age Publishing, 2011, 197-207. Print.

16. 2. Share peer reviewed and other credible web resources • Subscribe to RSS feeds: Create a free subscription on a weblog • Share “bookmarks” with learners Delicious Diigo Bond, T. “Good Teacher.” Ubiquitous Learning. Chen, I & Kidd, T. (Eds): Information Age Publishing, 2011, 197-207. Print. Image: Idea go / FreeDigitalPhotos.net

17. 3. Integrate Web 2.0 tools into collaborative assignments • Use Voicethread for learner led discussions • Encourage the use of a variety of media within a collaborative presentation • Synchronous group planning Skype Google Docs Bond, T. “Good Teacher.” Ubiquitous Learning. Chen, I & Kidd, T. (Eds): Information Age Publishing, 2011, 197-207. Print. Image: Stuart Miles / FreeDigitalPhotos.net

18. 4. Creating Ubiquitous Lessons On- Campus Activity – “ This could include a formal lecture made available for review on a podcast.” Ubiquitous Learning Activity – “The learning model should incorporate opportunities for learners to observe, evaluate, and reflect; do this numerous times.” Assessment – “It is important to assess what learners have accomplished within the learning activity.” Morris, L.D. “Helping Your Lecturers To Creatively Introduce Ubiquitous Computing Technologies Into Their Teaching.”Ubiquitous Learning. Chen, I & Kidd, T. (Eds): Information Age Publishing, 2011, 209-228. Print.

19. Barriers to Ubiquitous Learning • Lack of Expertise • Resistance • Tradition • Lack of Research • Lack of Vision Image: Ambro / FreeDigitalPhotos.net McPheeters, D. “Global Perspectives of U-Learning” Ubiquitous Learning. Chen, I & Kidd, T. (Eds): Information Age Publishing, 2011, 299-316. Print.

20. References • Bond, T. “Good Teacher.” Ubiquitous Learning. Chen, I & Kidd, T. (Eds): Information Age Publishing, 2011, 197-207. Print. • Burbules, N. (2009). Meanings of “Ubiquitous Learning”. Cope, B. & Kalantzis, M. (Eds.). Ubiquitous Learning (pp 15-20). Urbana & Chicago: University of Illinois Press • Cope, B. & Kalantzis, M. (2009). The Beginnings of an Idea. Cope, B. & Kalantzis, M. (Eds.). Ubiquitous Learning (p ix). Urbana & Chicago: University of Illinois Press • Jones, V. & Jo, J.H. (2004). Ubiquitous learning environment: An adaptive teaching system using ubiquitous technology. In R. Atkinson, C. McBeath, D. Jonas-Dwyer & R. Phillips (Eds), Beyond the comfort zone: Proceedings of the 21st ASCILITE Conference (pp. 468-474. Perth, 5-8 December. http://www.ascilite.org.au/conferences/perth04/procs/jones.htm • Hwang, G.-J., Tsai,C.-C., & Yang, S. J. H. (2008). Criteria, Strategies and Research Issues of Context-Aware Ubiquitous Learning. Educational Technology & Society,11 (2), 81-91.

21. McPheeters, D. “Global Perspectives of U-Learning” Ubiquitous Learning. Chen, I & Kidd, T. (Eds): Information Age Publishing, 2011, 299-316. Print. • Morris, L.D. “Helping Your Lecturers To Creatively Introduce Ubiquitous Computing Technologies Into Their Teaching.”Ubiquitous Learning. Chen, I & Kidd, T. (Eds): Information Age Publishing, 2011, 209-228. Print. • Yahya, S., Ahmad, E., & AbdJalil, K. (2010, February 28). The definition and characteristics of ubiquitous learning: A discussion. International Journal of Education and Development using ICT [Online], 6(1). Available: http://ijedict.dec.uwi.edu/viewarticle.php?id=785