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Evaluation of Wastewater Discharge Alternatives

This presentation is an abbreviated version of the original PowerPoint presentation of June 23, 2005. This version was presented at the Commissioners’ Workshop of July 7, 2008. Rehoboth Beach Effluent Disposal Study. Evaluation of Wastewater Discharge Alternatives. Workshop June 23, 2005. 2.

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Evaluation of Wastewater Discharge Alternatives

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  1. This presentation is an abbreviated version of the original PowerPoint presentation of June 23, 2005. This version was presented at the Commissioners’ Workshop of July 7, 2008.

  2. Rehoboth Beach Effluent Disposal Study Evaluation of Wastewater Discharge Alternatives Workshop June 23, 2005 2

  3. Objectives • Identify the most cost-effective and technically feasible solution for the City of Rehoboth Beach • Identify the most cost-effective and technically feasible Regional solution 3

  4. Approach Evaluate the following discharge alternatives • Rehoboth Beach Solutions • Land Application • Rapid Infiltration Beds • Underground Injection • Deep Injection Wells • Shallow Injection Wells • Ocean Outfall • Regional (Rehoboth Beach and Sussex County) • Ocean Outfall 4

  5. Land Availability Study Watershed Lands within 12 miles and greater than 100 acres… 5

  6. Spray Irrigation Land Requirements • Area required • Spray fields only 496 acres • Total (including buffers and lagoon) 740 acres • Not enough land available for purchase or lease 6

  7. Spray IrrigationCost Summary Notes: 1. Land price estimate based on 740 acres @ $25,000 per acre. 2. Cost includes 30 % contingency 7

  8. Rapid Infiltration Beds (RIB) Falmouth, MA – 0.8 mgd facility Rapid Infiltration Beds 8

  9. Rapid Infiltration BedsSummary of Costs Notes: 1. Land price estimate based on 296 acres @ $25,000 per acre. 2. Cost includes 30 % contingency. No contingency for land prices. 9

  10. Shallow Injection WellAdvantages /Disadvantages Advantages • Significantly less land requirements • Recharge groundwater Disadvantages • Nutrient transport ultimately into Inland Bays • Complex operations • High level of pretreatment required (drinking water standards) • Periodic maintenance required (acid cleaning) • Unknown aquifer hydraulic capacity • Significant risk of mounding based on RIB data • Potential increase of nitrates in groundwater • No salt water intrustion aquifers available • Pilot borings required to characterize well and aquifer 10

  11. DIW - Advantages/Disadvantages Advantages • Significantly less land requirement • No potential for ultimate discharge to surface water • Primary drinking water standards not required Disadvantages • Complex operations • High level of pretreatment required including filtration and chlorination • Periodic maintenance required • Unknown subsurface below 900 ft • Unknown aquifer hydraulic capacity • Pilot borings required to characterize well and aquifer • No qualified local contractor • No groundwater recharge • High Risk 11

  12. Deep Well InjectionSummary of Costs Notes: 1. Land price estimate based on 42 acres @ $25,000 per acre 2. Cost includes 30 % contingency. No contingency on land purchase. 12

  13. Ocean Outfall • Location • University of Delaware current model • Mixing Model (CORMIX) • Rehoboth Beach only • Regional alternatives • Optimized diffuser design 13

  14. Ocean Outfall – Advantages/Disadvantages Advantages • Minimal operation required (pumping) • Minimal maintenance requirements (outfall inspections) • No potential nutrient transport into Inland Bays • Perceived as ultimate solution Disadvantages • Public acceptance • Permitting • No groundwater recharge 14

  15. Ocean OutfallForce Main and Outfall 15

  16. Ocean OutfallSummary of Costs Regional Solution Rehoboth Beach Only 16

  17. Alternative Comparison 17

  18. Objectives • Identify the most cost-effective and technically feasible solution for the City of Rehoboth Beach • Identify the most cost-effective and technically feasible Regional solution 18

  19. Eliminate: Spray Irrigation Land not available Rapid Infiltration Beds Land not available Nutrient discharge to Inland Bays Shallow Well Injection No appropriate sites or aquifers Nutrient discharge to Inland Bays Deep Well Injection Excessive risk and cost Recommended Alternative: Ocean Outfall Lowest PW Value Regional solution Conclusions 19

  20. Changes from 2005 to 2008: • Three alternatives that involve land application by spray irrigation are on the table: Artesian, Tidewater, Sussex County. • Sussex County voted to not partner with Rehoboth in a regional ocean outfall project. • -Stan

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