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Country Paper MAY -2009 BY Mrs. Badria A. Rahman Khalid Mrs. Ekhlas Musa Ibrahiem. جمهورية السودان Republic of Sudan. Different Cultures. Map of Sudan. S uda n is the biggest country in Africa . Total area 2.5 million sq.km. ( 967.495 sq mi) Boarding 9 African countries. States.
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CountryPaperMAY -2009 BY Mrs. Badria A. Rahman Khalid Mrs. Ekhlas Musa Ibrahiem جمهورية السودان Republic of Sudan
Map of Sudan • Sudan is the biggest country in Africa . • Total area 2.5 million sq.km. ( 967.495 sq mi) • Boarding 9 African countries .
States The country divided into 25 states . The states subdivided into 133 districts .
Area & Climate: Area: total 2.5million sq km .( Water 6%). Terrain: generally flat, featureless plain; mountains in far south, northeast and west, desert dominates the north Climate: tropical in south; arid desert in north; rainy season varies by region (April to November)
Religion in Sudan SunniMuslim 70% Indigenous 25% Christian 5%
The main products: sorghum, cotton, sesame, groundnuts , millet, rice, sunflower ,wheat, gum Arabic, dates ,sugar cane, mango, papaya, bananas, vegetables. AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTS
Livestock & Fish products • Meat , cheese ,row leather ,milk byproducts –dry fish – salted fish
Natural Resources petroleum; small reserves of iron, copper, chromium, zinc, tungsten, mica, silver, gold, hydropower.
Economy • Exports - commodities: oil and petroleum products; cotton, sesame, livestock, groundnuts, gum arabic, sugar • Imports - commodities: foodstuffs, manufactured goods, refinery and transport equipment, medicines and chemicals, textiles, wheat
GDP (2007, purchasing power parity):$87.885 billion. GDP annual growth rate (2007):12.8%. Avg. annual inflation rate (2007):5.3%. Per capita income GDP (2008): $2,305 Currency :Sudanese Pound (SDG)
Water resources • The main source is River Nile. • Rainwater. • surface water. • deep underground water.
Dams • large dams : Sennar ,Roseries, Jabel Aulia Dam,Khashm Elgirba • The largest dam is Marawe dam ( 1250 mw)
Agriculture agriculture is considered the backbone of the economy in the country. The society is conditioned by anthropological and climatic factors, as well as the nature of the land. Cultivable area: 840,000 km.squ. Forest : 570,000 km.squ Pasture : 1,161800 km.squ Annual area planted : 168,600 km.squ ( 91% rainfed – 9% irrigated)
Livestock) • Total : 136.7 million head. • Types : Cow ,sheep , goats ,camel.
DEVELOPMENTPROGRAMS • Maximization of the rural family income is the main target of the government. • The public expenditure for rural development raised from 236million(2000) to 1,432million SP . (2005),for agric.-social sector –water- war affected areas-roads.
DONARS ROLE IN RURAL DEVELOPMENT • IFAD: aimed to improve live hood in rural poor in rainfed sector & improve partnership with institution civil society, strengthen the women role in the development. • FAO: food security programs. • EU: food security programs. • USA support.: food security programs. • MULTI-Donor Trust Fund • Islamic Bank Loan: improve production capacities of the small farmers.
PROBLEMS OF AGRICULTURAL DEVELOPMENT • Desertification. • Rainfall fluctuation. • Ecosystem disturbance. • Erosion. • Insufficient loans. • High input prices, low output prices. • Lack of agric.survices. (marketing –storage.) …….. Etc • Inadequate water supply ( farmers- livestock) • Weakveterinary services.
