WWII 1939-1945

1. WWII1939-1945

2. Blitzkrieg Unleashed GermanPlane: Jonker 87 Stuka Dive Bomber Aftermath of Bombing Raid

3. Polish Defense

4. The War Begins

5. Early Axis Victories: 1939 • Germany invades Poland: falls in less than 6 weeks • USA begins Cash and Carry program: nations must pay first and provide own transport for goods • After Poland…what’s next?

7. France and England declare war on Germany: Set up defense instead of attacking

9. Was the Maginot Line Successful?

10. After Poland, period of waiting known as sitzkrieg takes place. Early spring Denmark, Norway, Belgium and Netherlands (the lowlands) defeated…sitzkrieg over France defeated in 6 weeks British troops escape at Dunkirk; nearly defeated Japan successfully attacks French Indochina. Early Axis Victories: 1940 Prime Minister Winston Churchill

11. Dunkirk

12. Miracle at Dunkirk

14. Was Blitzkrieg Effective? • "When the dive-bombers come down, they (the French) stood it for two hours and then ran with their hands over their ears.“ • "Sedan fell as a result of a bombardment….it was a superb example of military surprise.“ • "The pace is too fast……it’s the co-operation between the dive-bombers and the tanks that is winning the war for Germany.“ • "News that the Germans are in Amiens…this is like some ridiculous nightmare."

15. Battle of Britain 1940-41 • Germany attempts to invade the British Isle (operation sea lion) • Turns Luftwaffe loose • British cities heavily bombed • Citizens take cover in subway tunnels • Protected by radar

16. Battle of Britain 1940-41

18. Battle of Britain 1940-41 “Never in the field of human conflict was so much owed by so many to so few” • British Royal Air Force (RAF) uses radar to great advantage • Britain never invaded

19. Operation Barbarossa 1941-45 • in order to remain healthy, species must continually expand the amount of space they occupy ...' • Hitler grows frustrated with Britain • In need of Lebensraum: living space • Seeks other prize: Soviet Union • Great Breadbasket

20. Breaks non-aggression pact “when the attack on Russia starts the world will hold its breath.” • Hitler unleashes Wehrmacht: uses most of best troops • 3,000,000 Axis troops march into Soviet Union

21. Overconfidence? “We have only to kick in the front door and the whole rotten Russian edifice will come tumbling down.” (Hitler)

23. Read through the events and create a title Label when each event occurred Put the events in order Copy the correct order on a separate sheet of paper or onto your notes

25. Costly Mistake • Poorly planned operation • Soviets caught by surprise, but able to defend: scorched earth policy announced by Stalin • Hitler’s troops can’t handle Russian winter • Soldiers froze, supply lines broke down, equipment wouldn’t operate • Loses 50% his army

28. American Neutrality Changes 1941 • USA changes policy from Cash and Carry to Lend Lease • Why? • President Roosevelt and Prime Minister Churchill agree upon Atlantic Charter: belief that war is being fought to preserve and ensure democratic ideals throughout world

30. Axis in the Pacific • Japan wishes to dominate all of Asia • Japan led by Hidecki Tojo and Emperor Hirohito Tojo Hirohito

31. Pearl Harbor • USA places embargo on Japan: oil and steel sales cut off • Japan must knock out naval base in Hawaii • Pacific will be theirs to dominate

32. Pearl Harbor

33. Pearl Harbor Attack • USA ignored several warnings • Japan breaks off diplomatic ties in December • Attack planned/led by Admiral Yamamoto

35. Pearl Harbor Results • Over 2,300 servicemen dead • 5 battleships sunk • Several other ships badly damaged • USS Arizona suffers greatest losses

37. “Yesterday, December 7th, 1941 a date which will live in infamy”…

38. “Yesterday, December 7th, 1941 a date which will live in infamy”… Write a paragraph explaining the significance of this quote

41. Bataan Death March • Takeover of Philippines • 15,000-20,000 American troops marched 65 miles • Intense heat • No provisions • Listen to survivor’s experience!

43. Thousands of Americans and Filipinos killed at the hands of the Japanese

45. On the Homefront • What do you do when you think the enemy lives among you? • Do citizens from countries we are at war with have the same rights? • How do you identify the enemy?

46. Pearl Harbor’s Impact on the Japanese • Anti-Japanese sentiments have existed in the United States for several decades prior to the attack on Pearl Harbor. • The attack of Pearl Harbor shocked the American public, resulting in widespread hysteria and paranoia. (www.usatoday.com/.../contenttemplate14.htm)

47. Those of Japanese ancestry living on the West Coast were to be relocated. • Internment refers to the forced imprisonment and relocation of a group of people. • Internment Camps

48. First they came for the Socialists, and I did not speak out--Because I was not a Socialist. • Then they came for the Trade Unionists, and I did not speak out--Because I was not a Trade Unionist. • Then they came for the Jews, and I did not speak out--Because I was not a Jew. • Then they came for me--and there was no one left to speak for me. - Martin Niemoller (1892-1984)

49. The Allies Strike Back: 1942 • Germany and Italy control most of Europe • Britain and Soviet Union free and fighting back • USA joins Allies and felt Germany must be the focus

50. The Allies Strike Back • Allies fully involved in Operation Torch- • USA/UK operation to take back North Africa from Italy and Germany. • Important: • oil fields of Middle East—fuel essential for military • supply lines connecting Britain and India • General Dwight Eisenhower named Supreme Allied Commander of Allied forces in Africa/Europe • Top military post of all British, USA, France etc. • Italy “Soft Underbelly” of the Axis • Weakest, most vulnerable of the 3