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Lesson 1

Lesson 1. density. The ratio of the mass of a substance to its volume (mass divided by volume). Lesson 2. pitch. a description of how a sound is perceived as high or low depends on the frequency of the sound wave. Lesson 2. loudness. perception of the energy of a sound. Lesson 2.

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Lesson 1

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  1. Lesson 1 • density • The ratio of the mass of a substance to its volume (mass divided by volume)

  2. Lesson 2 • pitch • a description of how a sound is perceived as high or low • depends on the frequency of the sound wave

  3. Lesson 2 • loudness • perception of the energy of a sound

  4. Lesson 2 • intensity • the amount of energy per second carried through a unit area by a wave

  5. Lesson 2 • decibel • (dB) • a unit used to compare the loudness of different sounds

  6. Lesson 2 • Doppler effect • the change in frequency of a wave as its source moves in relation to an observer

  7. Lesson 3 • music • a set of sounds or notes combined in ways that are pleasing

  8. Lesson 3 • fundamental tone • the lowest natural frequency of an object

  9. Lesson 3 • overtone • a natural frequency that is a multiple of the fundamental tone’s frequency

  10. Lesson 4 • ear canal • a narrow region leading from the outside of the human ear to the eardrum

  11. Lesson 4 • eardrum • the small, tightly stretched drum like membrane that separates the outer ear from the middle ear, and that vibrates when sound waves strike it

  12. Lesson 4 • cochlea • a snail-shaped tube in the inner ear that is lined with receptor cells that respond to sound

  13. Lesson 5 • echolocation • the use of reflected sound waves to determine distances or to locate objects

  14. Lesson 5 • ultrasound • sound waves with frequencies above 20,000 Hz

  15. Lesson 5 • sonar • a system that uses reflected sound waves to locate and determine the distance to objects under water

  16. Lesson 5 • sonogram • an image formed using reflected ultrasound waves

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