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The Women’s Movement

The Women’s Movement. 1880- 1919. Suffragists in Arkansas. Emmeline Pankhurst. Women in the Work Force (17.2). Farm Women: roles did not change Women in Industry: Excluded from unions , but found good paying jobs in the city

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The Women’s Movement

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  1. The Women’s Movement 1880- 1919 Suffragists in Arkansas Emmeline Pankhurst

  2. Women in the Work Force (17.2) • Farm Women: roles did not change • Women in Industry: Excluded from unions, but found good paying jobs in the city • By the turn of the century, 1 of every 5 women held jobs, 25% of them in manufacturing • 50% in garment working • 50% of the pay men received for the same job

  3. Women in the Workforce II • Women also found jobs in offices, stores, schools • By 1890 there were more women with high school diplomas than men • Domestic Workers: 70% of women workers in 1870 were servants.

  4. Women Lead Reform • Triangle Shirtwaist Factory tragedy led to more women pushing for reform • Women’s clubs grew into reform groups that pushed for these changes • Women’s colleges were established during this time (Vassar, Smith, Wellesley). • Marriage was not the only alternative for women anymore.

  5. Josephine St. Pierre– first VP of the NACW NACW • National Association of Colored Women • Managed nurseries, reading rooms, kindergartens • Focused on the education of African American women Mary Church Terrell– first President of the NACW

  6. Susan B. Anthony • Pushed for women’s suffrage • Founded the NWSA (National Women Suffrage Association)– later the NAWSA

  7. Suffrage Strategy • 1. Convince state legislatures to grant women the right to vote (success in Wyoming in 1869 followed by Utah, Colorado, and Idaho in the 1890s). • 2. Pursue court cases to test the 14th Amendment (all male citizens could vote)—Weren’t women citizens as well? • 3. Push for a national constitutional amendment to give women the right to vote.

  8. Women Win Suffrage! (17.5) • The suffrage movement gained strength again in the early 1900s • Now there were more college educated women who began to push for reform • Suffrage groups went door to door to push for change • Trolley tours– women spoke in public from trolleys to generate support • Studied suffrage movement tactics in other countries and adapted them to the US movement

  9. Women Win Suffrage! (17.5) 2 • Carrie Chapman Catt— organized the movement on a national scale • Some women picketed the White House • Others supported the soldiers during WWI by knitting socks or selling war bonds • This showed women’s patriotism & desire to be involved. • Congress passed the 19thAmendment (women’s suffrage) in 1919, 72 years after the Seneca Falls convention where women convened to first demand the right to vote.

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