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What are fossils?

What are fossils?. Mrs. Gale’s 3 rd Grade. STANDARD Investigate fossils by observing authentic fossils or models of fossils or view information resources about fossils as evidence of organisms that lived long ago. Describe how a fossil is formed. ESSENTIAL QUESTION What are fossils?

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What are fossils?

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  1. What are fossils? Mrs. Gale’s 3rd Grade

  2. STANDARD Investigate fossils by observing authentic fossils or models of fossils or view information resources about fossils as evidence of organisms that lived long ago. Describe how a fossil is formed. ESSENTIAL QUESTION What are fossils? How do they form? What can we learn from fossils? Standards and Essential Questions

  3. Fossils • Fossils are hardened remains of a plant or an animal that lived long ago. • It is a trace of a living thing that died a long time ago. • There are many types of fossils. A few examples are: • Cast fossil • Mold Fossil • Trace Fossil • Amber Fossil • Petrified Wood • Bone and Teeth

  4. Cast Fossil • Forms when mud or minerals later fill a mold. • It is the actual shape of the living thing. Plant Cast Fossil

  5. Mold Fossil • Shape of a once living thing left in sediment when the rock formed. • The thing that made the mold breaks down, leaving only the cavity shaped like the plank or animal. Shell Mold Fossil

  6. Mold Fossil Cast Fossil

  7. Trace Fossils • Other fossils such as dinosaur tracks left in the mud are called trace fossils.

  8. Bone and Teeth • Some fossils such as bones and teeth look like the actual pieces of the animals. However over time, the bones were slowly replaced with minerals. • This is a Mosasaur fossil. You can see one of these at Georgia Southern University. 

  9. Amber Fossils • Some animals such as bugs were trapped in tree sap. When the tree sap hardened the entire animal was preserved. The sap soon turned into amber.

  10. Petrified Wood • Petrified wood is another type of fossil. Minerals have replaced the soft parts of a one living plant were replaced by minerals.

  11. Where are fossils found? • Fossils are most commonly found in sedimentary rock. • The most common rocks are limestone and shale. • Few fossils are found in metamorphic and igneous rock because the heat and pressure destroy the evidence of the one living creature.

  12. The soft part of an animals decompose or rot away Hard parts of the animal, such as shells or bones are buried under layers of sediment. Over a long time, the bones and sediment turn to rock. Movement of the Earth’s crust brings the rock closer to the surface. Wind and rain wear away the rock. Then people can see the fossils. How fossils are formed…

  13. What animals ate by their teeth. What animals and plants looked like. What kind of plants and animals lived together by where they are found. How long ago the animals or plant lived by where they are found. The older the fossil the lower in the rock it is found. We can learn about extinct animals and plants. How animals and plants have changed over time. What else do you think you can learn from fossils? What can we learn from fossils?

  14. Fossils Sites • Museum of fossils • How fossils are formed (shell) http://www.classzone.com/books/earth_science/terc/content/visualizations/es2901/es2901page01.cfm?chapter_no=visualization • How fossils are formed (dinosaur) http://www.ucmp.berkeley.edu/education/explorations/tours/fossil/5to8/Intro.html

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