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Chapter 25 FROM NIXON TO CARTER

Chapter 25 FROM NIXON TO CARTER. Section 1: The Nixon Years Section 2: From Watergate to Ford Section 3: Carter: The Outsider as President Section 4: Life in the 1970s. Section 1: The Nixon Years. Objectives:.

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Chapter 25 FROM NIXON TO CARTER

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  1. Chapter 25FROM NIXON TO CARTER Section 1: The Nixon Years Section 2: From Watergate to Ford Section 3: Carter: The Outsider as President Section 4: Life in the 1970s

  2. Section 1: The Nixon Years Objectives: • How did President Nixon’s policies differ from those of Presidents Johnson and Kennedy? • How did President Nixon respond to economic problems? • What were the causes and effects of the energy crisis? • What did Americans and the government do to help clean up the environment? • What beliefs guided Nixon’s foreign-policy decisions?

  3. Section 1: The Nixon Years Differences between Nixon and Johnson/Kennedy • Nixon pledge to cut back Democratic programs. • The welfare system under the Great Society gave most aid in the form of services; Nixon wanted the Family Assistance Plan, which would guarantee families a minimum income. • Kennedy and Johnson both proposed and supported civil rights legislation; Nixon delayed pressuring southern schools to desegregate and opposed the Supreme Court’s busing ruling.

  4. Section 1: The Nixon Years Nixon’s response to economic problems Nixon responded to stagflation by ordering a temporary freeze on wages, prices, and rents.

  5. Section 1: The Nixon Years Causes of the energy crisis • U.S. dependence on foreign oil • U.S. support of Israel • the oil embargo and OPEC price hikes Effects of the energy crisis • support for energy conservation; speed limit reduced to 55mph • oil pipeline from Alaska • development of nuclear energy

  6. Section 1: The Nixon Years Cleaning up the environment • creation of the EPA • passage of the Clean Air Act, the Water Quality Improvement Act, and the Endangered Species Act • Earth Day activities

  7. Section 1: The Nixon Years Beliefs behind Nixon’s foreign policy decisions Nixon and Kissinger believed in realpolitik, the proposition that national interests should take precedence over ideals such as democracy or human rights.

  8. Section 2: From Watergate to Ford Objectives: • What were the issues surrounding the Watergate scandal? • What role did the White House tapes play in President Nixon’s resignation? • Why was President Ford unable to achieve his domestic-policy goals? • How did Ford attempt to continue Nixon’s foreign policies?

  9. Section 2: From Watergate to Ford Issues behind Watergate • Nixon behaved as though there were no limits to his power. • Nixon shifted authority from the Senate-approved cabinet to his personal staff. • Nixon hid vital information from Congress and the public. • Nixon engaged in a cover-up when Congress investigated him.

  10. Section 2: From Watergate to Ford The White House tapes • Nixon refused to release the tapes and had the special prosecutor fired. • Americans were outraged and began to call for his impeachment. • Supreme Court ordered Nixon to release all tapes. • The tapes were key to proving Nixon’s involvement in the cover-up.

  11. Section 2: From Watergate to Ford Ford and domestic policy • Ford’s approval rating dropped after he pardoned Nixon. • Congressional Democrats blocked presidential legislation; Ford vetoed their legislation. • Congress failed to approve Ford’s budget cuts.

  12. Section 2: From Watergate to Ford Ford and foreign policy • retained Kissinger as secretary of state • tried to maintain U.S. influence in Southeast Asia • supported anticommunist forces in Angola • tried to continue the policy of détente toward the Soviet Union

  13. Section 3: Carter: The Outsider as President Objectives: • Why did voters think that Jimmy Carter was a different kind of politician? • How did President Carter’s handling of domestic issues cause some Americans to lose faith in his administration? • How did Carter’s foreign policy differ from that of Nixon and Ford? • How did Carter weaken U.S.-Soviet relations, and how did he help achieve peace in the Middle East?

  14. Section 3: Carter: The Outsider as President Carter’s differences • was a Washington outsider • held strong religious beliefs • held regular town meetings and call-in sessions to keep in touch with Americans • walked instead of riding in a limo on Inauguration Day

  15. Section 3: Carter: The Outsider as President Carter and domestic policy • Programs failed to revive the economy. • Energy proposals significantly changed by Congress. • Response to Three Mile Island accident ignored doubts about nuclear power.

  16. Section 3: Carter: The Outsider as President Carter’s foreign policy • rejected realpolitik • tried to inject moral principles, especially about human rights • tried to improve U.S. image to developing world

  17. Section 3: Carter: The Outsider as President Weakening of U.S.-Soviet relations Carter responded to the invasion of Afghanistan by cutting grain sales to the Soviet Union and boycotting the Moscow Olympics. Support of peace process for the Middle East Carter hosted meetings between Israelis and Egyptians at Camp David, and these led to the end of the 30-year state of war between the two countries.

  18. Section 4: Life in the 1970s Objectives: • How did the American population and family structure change during the 1970s? • Why did some observers argue that Americans were self-absorbed? • What forms of entertainment were popular during the 1970s? • How did new technologies affect the lives of many Americans?

  19. Section 4: Life in the 1970s Changes in America during the 1970s • immigration from Asia and Latin America • movement to the Sunbelt • rise in single-person households • rise in divorce • few children per family • rise in single-parent households

  20. Section 4: Life in the 1970s Possible indications of self-absorption • rising divorce rate • self-improvement fads

  21. Section 4: Life in the 1970s Entertainment in the 1970s • movies, especially blockbusters • rock music, disco, and punk

  22. Section 4: Life in the 1970s New technologies in the 1070s • Space program raised national pride, improved relations with the Soviet Union, and expanded people’s view of the universe. • Personal computers changed the way business was done and made the information revolution and the Internet possible. • Video games, VCRs, and answering machines increased convenience and changed habits and leisure time activities. Video games have negative potential impacts on children’s social skills and health.

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