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LET’S REVIEW- EYE ON THE 5…

LET’S REVIEW- EYE ON THE 5…. I. Rise of the Mongols Nomads from Northern China Superb horsemen and archers For centuries they were isolated Men ruled the tribes II. Mongols Expand 1206 Temujin becomes Genghis Khan or universal ruler ruled from 1206 until 1227 his death

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LET’S REVIEW- EYE ON THE 5…

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  1. LET’S REVIEW- EYE ON THE 5…

  2. I. Rise of the Mongols • Nomads from Northern China • Superb horsemen and archers • For centuries they were isolated • Men ruled the tribes • II. Mongols Expand • 1206 Temujin becomes Genghis Khan or universal ruler • ruled from 1206 until 1227 his death • Great military strategist • Organized military units called tuman (10000 soldiers) • Unified tribes, Russia and China • Started Mongol invasion of China

  3. III. Mongol Conquests • Split groups into hordes (khanates) individual provinces • 4 hordes • China- Kublai Khan • Central Asia/ Persia • Russia: the Golden Horde • The largest empire in world history • IV. Mongol War Machine • Weapons: lances, hatchets, short bows, gun powder • Excellent archers • Rapid movement 80-90 miles a day • Strike in surprise, retreat and hide • Tuman- 10,000 soldiers broken up in tens • Demanded tribute from the conquered (one-tenth of everything even people) • V. Mongol Culture • Ruthless and illiterate • Granted religious toleration • The Mongols had no unique cultural achievements • Assimilated other cultures • Borrowed ideas from other conquered cultures

  4. Mongol Conquests • Kublai Khan created Yuan Dynasty • Mongols best jobs in gov’t, army • Invited Marco Polo to palace in 1250s • Attempted to conquer Japan in 1274 and 1281 • Was unable to do so because of kamikaze: divine wind • United China and controlled Korea • Mongols rule Russia for 250yrs • 1240-1242 the Golden Horde (Russia) attacked Eastern Europe • Mongols also conquered Tibet, Middle East, Turkey, Persia, and Syria • They also destroyed the Abbasids

  5. II. Pax Mongolia • 1250s-1350s • Increase in trade on Silk Roads • Religion spread by missionaries, IbnBattuta Muslim traveler • Peace and stability throughout empire • Paper Money • Cultural advancements technology, goods and ideas • III. Fall of the Mongols • The empire was over-extended • Civil wars and corruption • The Black Plague weakened the empire • weakened by the death of Kublai Khan • Resentment of Mongol tribute system caused problems in China and Russia • Ended in 1369

  6. I. Post Middle Ages • Black Plague ends • Population Increased • Demand for goods increased • Rise of the middle class • Rise of cities • People now want to recapture past

  7. II. Renaissance • 1300’s to 1500’s • Renaissance means “rebirth” • Bring back the Ancient Roman and Greek writings • Italy became heart of Renaissance • Extremely wealthy trading cities Florence, Venice and Milan • Patrons of the arts: the Medici family gave money to art (Michelangelo) • III. Humanism • Emphasis on the individual and their achievements • New focus of life on earth • People became secular (indifferent of religions) • Father of Humanism Petrarch • Ex. Sonnet to Laura

  8. IV Art of the Renaissance • Medieval paintings were flat, dull, stiff and religious • Renaissance focused on humanistic, realistic, perspective, color, detail, secular and religious paintings • Based on Greek and Roman styles

  9. Architecture: • Used columns, arches and domes • Art: • Leonardo Da Vinci • Renaissance man: painter, sculptor, architect, inventor, engineer, anatomist, musician and mathematician • Painted Mona Lisa, Last Supper • Drew flying machines and submarine

  10. Michelangelo • Sculptor, architect, painter, poet • Painted Sistine Chapel on his back for four years 1508-1512 • Sculpted statue of David • Literature • Dante: The Divine Comedy • Cervantes: Don Quixote • Chaucer: The Canterbury Tales • Shakespeare: Hamlet, Othello, Romeo & Juliet, King Lear

  11. Political Writing • Machiavelli: The Prince, “the end justifies the means” • Political theory, ruthless leader • Taught rulers how to rule • Leaders do whatever is necessary to rule • Better to be feared than loved • All of these writers used vernacular, writing books in their common language

  12. V The Northern Renaissance • Renaissance spread to north Europe • Flanders in Netherlands popular city • Produced Jan van Eyck • German Painter Albrecht Dürer spread Renaissance style • Rembrandt • Printing Press • Johannes Gutenberg • Created first movable type printing press • Increased number of books circulating • Literacy increased • Bible was first book copied

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