Population

1. Population

2. Learning Goals • understand demography • understand, analyze and calculate population growth rate • understand what population density means and how to calculate it.

3. Populations Demography is the study of Human Populations Why is it important to study? the world’s population reached 7 billion in the fall of 2011 Click here.

4. Why is it important to study?

5. Why is it important to study? Because large populations impact a society; • Sustainability • Urbanization • Health care • Education • Economy • Environment

6. Where are the largest countries? Where are the largest populations in the world? Cartogram – is a thematic map showing statistical data (in our case demographic data).

7. What are the trends? Correlation – when two variables show a relationship between them. ex. There is a correlation between speed you drive and traffic accidents. Are there any correlations between size of country and size of population?

8. What are the trends? Important Question Are there correlations between population size and social issues?

9. Population Density

10. Population density is a way of describing how crowded a place is. Population density = number of people living in an area size of area (in km2) • Complete the following table for these places using a calculator:

11. Place Population Area Population (km2) Density (people/km2) Very rural 50 1,000 0.05 Megacity 17,500,000 1,500 11,667 Suburbia 160,000 175 914 Rural 4,500 650 7

13. 1. Write these questions in your book. • Is Canada’s population evenly spread out across the country? Why or why not? • What is the population density for most of Canada? (low, medium, high) • Do you think Canada is a crowded country? Explain.

14. Answer the questions using the following map.

15. By The Numbers…

16. An example… • Let’s say a country has a population of 30,000,000. • Births = 390,000 immigrants = 220,000 • Deaths = 210,000 emigrants = 60,000 • How can we figure out how fast their population is growing???

17. Birth Rate – the number of people born per year x 1000 population For example: BR = 390,000 x 1000 30,000,000 BR = 13 (this country had 13 people born per 1,000 people in that country)

18. Death Rate – the number of deaths per year x 1000 population For example: BR = 210,000 x 1000 30,000,000 DR = 7 (this country had 7 people die per 1,000 people in that country)

19. Natural Increase Rate= birth rate – death rate Example: 13 – 7 = 6 (per 1000) This means that the natural increase rate for this country is 6 people per 1000

20. Immigration Ratethe number of immigrants per year x 1000 population For example: IR = 220,000 x 1000 30,000,000 IR = 7 (this country had 7 people immigrate per 1,000 people in that country)

21. Emigration Ratethe number of emigrants per year x 1000 population For example: ER = 60,000 x 1000 30,000,000 ER = 2 (this country had 2 people emigrate per 1,000 people in that country)

22. Net Migration Rate =Immigration Rate – Emigration Rate Example: 7 – 2 = 5 (per 1000) This means that the net migration rate for this country is 5 people per 1000

23. Population Growth Rate = Natural Increase Rate + Net Migration Rate Example: 6 + 5 = 11 (per 1000) This country is growing at a rate of 11 people per 1000.

24. Always express the population growth rate as a percent!! 11 X 100 = 1.1 % 1000 Or you can simply move the decimal one spot to the left.

25. The Rule of 70 (Doubling Time) 70 Population Growth Rate (as a percent) 70 = 63.6 years 1.1 What this tells us is that the population of that country will double in 63.6 years.

26. Example – The African country of Togo Togo has a population growth rate of 3.6% 70 = 19.4 years 3.6 The population of Togo will double in under 20 years.

27. Time to practice…. • A country has a population of 1,807,242. • Births = 50,250 immigrants = 13,605 • Deaths = 42,658 emigrants = 11,500 • Do all the calculations (just like in the example we did)

28. Answers • Birth rate = 27.8 per 1,000 • Death rate = 23.6 per 1,000 • Natural increase rate = 4.2 per 1,000 • Immigration rate = 7.5 per 1,000 • Emigration rate = 6.4 per 1,000 • Net Migration rate = 1.1 • Population Growth rate (%) = 5.3 = 0.53% • Doubling Time = 132.1 years

29. Another practice question…. • A country has a population of 726,000 • Births = 12,500 immigrants = 3,605 • Deaths = 6,100 emigrants = 1,500 • Do all the calculations (just like in the example we did)

30. Answers • Birth rate = 17.2 per 1,000 • Death rate = 8.4 per 1,000 • Natural increase rate = 8.8 per 1,000 • Immigration rate = 5 per 1,000 • Emigration rate = 2.1 per 1,000 • Net Migration rate = 2.9 • Population Growth rate (%) = 11.7 = 1.17% • Doubling Time = 60 years

31. Homework question…. • A country has a population of 8,000,000 • Births = 200,000 immigrants = 125,000 • Deaths = 40,000 emigrants = 30,000 • Do all the calculations.

32. Homework Answers • Birth rate = 25 per 1,000 • Death rate = 7.3 per 1,000 • Natural increase rate = 17.7 per 1,000 • Immigration rate = 1.25 per 1,000 • Emigration rate = 1.5 per 1,000 • Net Migration rate = 0.25 • Population Growth rate (%) = 17.0 = 1.7% • Doubling Time = 41 years

33. The end….